Izikhathi ze-Harmonic nezomculo emculweni
Okuqukethwe
Isikhawu emculweni siyinhlanganisela yemisindo emibili. Kodwa zingahlanganiswa ngezindlela ezahlukene: zingadlalwa noma ziculwe ngesikhathi esisodwa noma ngokushintshana.
I-Harmonic Interval – kunjalo isikhawu imisindo ethathwa kanyekanye. Izikhathi ezinjalo ziyisisekelo sokuvumelana komculo, yingakho zinegama elinjalo.
isikhawu se-melodic – kunjalo isikhawu lapho imisindo ithathwa ngokungahleliwe: eyokuqala, bese kuba eyesibili. Kusukela egameni kuyacaca ukuthi izikhawu ezinjalo zibangela imiculo. Phela, noma iyiphi ingoma iyiketango lapho kuxhunywe izikhawu eziningana ezifanayo noma ezihlukene.
Izikhathi Melodic kungaba ukhuphuka (isinyathelo ukusuka phansi umsindo ukuya phezulu) kanye wehla (ukuguqulwa kusuka phezulu kuya komsindo ophansi).
Indlela yokuhlukanisa izikhawu ngendlebe?
Izikhathi ze-Harmonic ne-melodic kumele zikwazi ukuhlukanisa ngendlebe. Ezifundweni ze-solfeggio ezikoleni zomculo nasemakolishi, izivivinyo ezikhethekile zokuhlaziya izindlebe zenziwa ngisho, lapho abafundi bedlala ukuvumelana okuhlukile, futhi "baqagela" ukuthi yini ngempela edlaliwe. Kodwa kanjani lokho?
Kunezindlela eziningi ezahlukene zokusiza ukukhumbula ukuthi izikhawu zizwakala kanjani. Isibonelo, indlela yokuhlangana ivame ukwenziwa nezingane, lapho umsindo wezikhathi uqhathaniswa nezithombe zezilwane. Kuyasiza ukuhlukanisa phakathi kwezikhawu ze-harmonic ngokwazi ukuhlukaniswa kwazo zibe ongwaqa kanye nama-dissonance, futhi izikhathi zomculo zivame ukukhunjulwa imisindo yokuqala yezingoma ezidumile.
Ake sibheke ngayinye yalezi zindlela ngokwehlukana.
Indlela yokuhlanganisa (izikhathi nezithombe zezilwane)
Ngakho-ke, sinezikhawu eziyisisekelo eziyisishiyagalombili. Umsindo wabo udinga ukubonakaliswa ngandlela thize. Kulokhu, izithombe zezilwane zivame ukubandakanyeka. Ngaphezu kwalokho, imininingwane ehlukene yezithombe iphenduka ibalulekile: noma imisindo yezilwane, noma ukubukeka kwazo - ubukhulu, umbala, njll.
Unganikela ukwenza lo msebenzi wokudala wengane ngokwakhe. Kulokhu, udinga nje ukumdlala zonke izikhathi ngokulandelana futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo ubuze ukuthi yisiphi isilwane esingadwetshwa ngokusebenzisa le misindo. Kuvunyelwe, yiqiniso, ukunikeza isisombululo esenziwe ngomumo. Kungaba into enjengale (ungacabanga ngokunye):
- Okokuqala – Lona unogwaja ompunga ogxuma usuka eqhumeni uye kwelinye.
- Okwesibili - i-hedgehog, ngoba izwakala njenge-prickly, njengezinaliti ngemuva kwe-hedgehog.
- Okwesithathu - i-cuckoo, umsindo wayo ukhumbuza kakhulu i-cuckooing.
- Quart – ukhozi, umsindo ushubile, ubucayi futhi unobudlova.
- Quint – i-jellyfish, izwakala ingenalutho, isobala.
- Isihloko – inyamazane, inyamazane, izwakala inhle kakhulu, inhle kakhulu.
- Seventh – indlulamithi, imisindo yesikhombisa iqhelelene kakhulu, indlela esuka kwenye isiya kwenye yinde, njengentamo yendlulamithi.
- enothini - inyoni eyayisanda kuba phansi, kodwa yavele yaphaphalaza futhi yaphakama yaya phezulu esiqongweni se-spruce yehlathi.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, sikunikeza ukuthi ulande insiza ebonakalayo yokufundisa izingane isihloko sezikhathi. Efayelini elinamathiselwe uzothola izithombe zezilwane namanothi omculo wezikhathi zokukhala eziseduze nazo.
IZIKHATHI NEZILWANE EZITHOMBENI ZEZINGANE – LANDA
Ongwaqa kanye nama-dissonance emculweni
Zonke izikhawu zingahlukaniswa ngamaqembu amabili amakhulu - ongwaqa kanye nama-dissonances. Kusho ukuthini? Ongwaqa yizikhawu ezizwakala ngokuvumelana, kahle, imisindo ekuzo ihambisana futhi ivumelana nomunye nomunye. Ama-dissonances yizikhawu lapho, ngokuphambene nalokho, umsindo ubukhali, ungavumelani, imisindo ekuyo iphazamisana.
Kunamaqembu amathathu ongwaqa: okuphelele, okuphelele, nokungapheleli. Ongwaqa abaphelele bahlanganisa i-prima emsulwa kanye ne-octave emsulwa - izikhawu ezimbili kuphela. Ongwaqa abaphelele nabo bayizikhawu ezimbili - eyesihlanu ephelele neyesine ephelele. Okokugcina, phakathi kwama-consonance angaphelele kukhona okwesithathu nesithupha ezinhlobonhlobo zazo - zincane futhi zinkulu.
Uma ukhohliwe ukuthi yiziphi izikhawu ezihlanzekile, ezinkulu nezincane, ungaphinda futhi uqonde esihlokweni esithi "Inani lesilinganiso nekhwalithi yesikhathi".
Ongwaqa abangezwani bahlanganisa yonke imizuzwana neyesikhombisa, kanye nezikhawu ezikhuphukile nezincishisiwe.
Indlela yokuhlukanisa izikhawu ngendlebe, ukwazi mayelana nama-consonances nama-dissonances? Udinga ukukhumbula izici ezilandelayo kanye nesizathu esinengqondo:
- Okokuqala - lokhu ukuphindaphinda komsindo ofanayo, ngeke kube nzima ukukuqaphela, futhi ngeke kwenzeke ukukudida ngokuthile.
- Okwesibili - lokhu kuyi-dissonance, imisindo yomzuzwana iseduze futhi iphazamisana. Khumbula i-spiny hedgehog?
- Okwesithathu - esinye sezikhawu ezijabulisayo kakhulu. Imisindo emibili ihlangene, izwakala imnandi ndawonye. Okwesithathu isikhathi esincane esithandwa nguMozart.
- Quart – ungwaqa ophelele, umsindo ushubile.
- Quint - ungwaqa owodwa, usazwakala ungenalutho futhi ucebile ngasikhathi sinye, ibanga phakathi kwemisindo libonakala impela.
- Isihloko – umfowabo omdala wesithathu. Imisindo iqhelelene nomunye, kodwa ukuphila kwabo ndawonye kuhle.
- Seventh – imisindo emibili ikude futhi iyaphazamisana. Ubhuti omkhulu wesibili.
- enothini - imisindo emibili ihlangana ngokuphelele, konke kuzwakala kuzolile, kuzolile.
Ngekhanda izikhawu zengoma
Indlela edumile yokubamba izikhawu ngekhanda ukuzifunda kusukela ekuqaleni kwezingoma zezingoma ezaziwayo noma izingcezu zomculo wakudala. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ungakhohlwa ukuthi izikhathi zingathathwa kokubili phezulu naphansi. Futhi kukhona isibonelo cishe kuzo zonke izimo. Yebo, akuzona zonke izikhawu ezingafaniswa nengoma, kodwa ezinkathini eziningi ezilula iyasebenza.
Nakhu esikuncomayo ukuze ubambe ngekhanda amaphimbo kwezinye izikhawu ezisuka phezulu naphansi:
Isikhashana | iphimbo phezulu | iphimbo phansi |
i-prima ehlanzekile | Ingoma yesiRashiya "Kwakukhona i-birch ensimini", ingoma yesiNgisi kaKhisimusi "Jingle bells" | |
| umzuzwana omncane | Ingoma yengwenya iGena "Bayeke bagijime kabi", "Isiyingi selanga" | U-Beethoven "For Elise" noma i-Mozart "Symphony No. 40" |
Isibili esikhulu | Ingoma yesiNgisi ethi "Happy birthday", Ursa lullaby "Spooning the snow" | Ingoma evela kukhathuni "Antoshka-Antoshka" |
Okwesithathu okuncane | Ingoma ethi "Moscow Nights", ukuqala komthathu omncane | Ingoma kaNcibijane "Isihlahla esincane sikaKhisimusi siyabanda ebusika", i-cuckoo intonation |
| Ingxenye yesithathu enkulu | Ukuqala kwe-triad enkulu, uMashi wabafana abajabule "Kulula enhliziyweni kusuka engomeni ejabulisayo" | Ingoma yezingane "Chizhik-Pyzhik" |
I-quart ehlanzekile | Ihubo lombuso weRussian Federation "iRussia izwe lethu elingcwele" | Iculo lezingane elithi “Intethe yahlala otshanini” |
| Iphelele okwesihlanu | Ingoma yomdabu yaseRussia ethi “Asiye engadini sithole ama-raspberries” | Ingoma yobungane ethi “Ubungane obuqinile ngeke bunqamuke” |
Okwesithupha okuncane | Ingoma ethi "Beautiful Far Away", Chopin's Waltz No. 7 | Iculo lezinsimbi “Indaba Yothando” |
| Eyesithupha enkulu | Ingoma kaNcibijane "Isihlahla sikaKhisimusi sazalelwa ehlathini", ingoma kaVarlamov ethi "Ungangithungi, mama, i-sundress ebomvu" | Ingoma yefilimu ethi "Iwashi lishaya embhoshongweni omdala" |
| I-Septima encane | Romance Varlamov "Iziqongo Zentaba" | |
Nazi ezinye izibonelo ezingasiza kakhulu ekuqondeni izikhawu zemiculo. Ngezikhathi ezibanzi (ama-septim nama-octave), izingoma zezwi ziqala kancane kakhulu, ngoba azihambisani nephimbo. Kodwa zingabonakala njalo ngemvelo yomsindo noma ngendlela yokuqeda.
Ngakho-ke, kulo magazini, sicabangele nawe "i-bouquet" yezindaba ezibaluleke kakhulu mayelana nezikhawu zomculo: siqhathanise izinhlobo ze-harmonic ne-melodic zezikhawu, futhi sathola ukuthi yiziphi izindlela ezingakusiza ukuthi ufunde izikhawu ngendlebe. Ezindabeni ezilandelayo sizoqhubeka nendaba yezikhawu, sizozicabangela ngezinyathelo ezinkulu nezincane. Kuze sihlangane futhi!
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