Henry Wood |
Henry Wood
Enye yezinto ezikhanga kakhulu zomculo enhlokodolobha yaseNgilandi i-Promenade Concerts. Njalo ngonyaka, izinkulungwane zabantu abavamile - abasebenzi, abasebenzi, abafundi - bayabavakashela, bathenge amathikithi ashibhile futhi balalele umculo odlalwa abaculi abahamba phambili. Izithameli zamakhonsathi zibonga kakhulu kumuntu owayengumsunguli nomphefumulo walo msebenzi, umbhidisi uHenry Wood.
Yonke impilo kaWood yokudala ixhumene kakhulu nemisebenzi yezemfundo. Wazinikela kuye esemncane. Ngemva kokuphothula eRoyal Academy of Music eLondon ngo-1888, uWood wasebenza nama-orchestra ahlukahlukene e-opera kanye ne-symphony, egcwele isifiso sokuletha umculo omnandi kulabo bantu ababengakwazi ukuthenga amathikithi abizayo amakhonsathi nemidlalo. Eqhutshwa yilo mbono omuhle, u-Wood wahlela phakathi nawo-1890s "Amakhonsathi e-Promenade" ayobe esedumile. Leli gama alizange libe nephutha - ngokwezwi nezwi lalisho ukuthi: "amakhonsathi-walks." Iqiniso liwukuthi kubo zonke izitebele zehholo laseQueens Hall, lapho beqala ukwenzelwa khona, bakhululwe ezihlalweni, futhi izethameli zazikwazi ukulalela umculo ngaphandle kokuwakhumula amajazi, ukuma, ngisho nokuhamba uma zithanda. Kodwa-ke, empeleni, akekho owayehamba ngesikhathi sokudlala ku-"Promenade Concerts" futhi ngokushesha kwabusa isimo sobuciko bangempela. Minyaka yonke baqala ukuqoqa izilaleli ezengeziwe futhi kamuva “bathuthela” e-Albert Hall enkulu, lapho besasebenza khona nanamuhla.
UHenry Wood wahola amakhonsathi e-Promenade kwaze kwaba sekufeni kwakhe - impela isigamu sekhulu. Ngalesi sikhathi, wethula abaseLondon ngenani elikhulu lemisebenzi. Umculo wezizwe ezahlukene wawumelelwe kabanzi ezinhlelweni, okuhlanganisa, vele, isiNgisi. Eqinisweni, ayikho indawo enjalo yezincwadi ze-symphonic umqhubi angazange ayikhulume. Futhi umculo waseRussia wathatha indawo eyinhloko emakhonsathini akhe. Kakade ngesizini yokuqala - 1894/95 - Wood waqala ukukhuthaza umsebenzi Tchaikovsky, futhi repertoire "Promenade Concerts" yacetshiswa izingoma eziningi Glinka, Dargomyzhsky, Mussorgsky, Glazunov, Rimsky-Korsakov, Cui, Arensky. , Serov. Ngemva Great October Revolution, Wood wenza minyaka yonke izingoma ezintsha Myaskovsky, Prokofiev, Shostakovich, Kabalevsky, Khachaturian, Gliere nabanye ababhali Soviet. Ikakhulukazi umculo omningi waseRussia nowaseSoviet wazwakala "kumakhonsathi e-Promenade" phakathi neMpi Yezwe Yesibili. U-Wood wabonisa ngokuphindaphindiwe uzwela lwakhe kubantu baseSoviet, wakhuthaza ubungane phakathi kwe-USSR ne-England emzabalazweni wokulwa nesitha esivamile.
UHenry Wood akazange alinganiselwe ekuqondiseni ama-Proms Concerts. Ngisho nasekuqaleni kwekhulu lethu leminyaka, wahola eminye imijikelezo yamakhonsathi omphakathi, eyayihanjelwe uVladimir Ilyich Lenin, owayehlala eNgilandi ngaleso sikhathi. “Sisanda kuya ekhonsathini enhle okokuqala kulobu busika futhi sijabule kakhulu, ikakhulukazi nge-symphony yokugcina kaTchaikovsky,” ebhala encwadini eya kunina ebusika buka-1903.
U-Wood wayehlale eqhuba amakhonsathi kuphela, kodwa futhi nemidlalo ye-opera (phakathi okwakukhona i-Premiere yesiNgisi ethi "Eugene Onegin"), yavakashela emazweni amaningi aseYurophu naseMelika, eyenziwa nabahlabeleli abahamba phambili emhlabeni. Kusukela ngo-1923, umculi ohlonishwayo wafundisa eqhuba eRoyal Academy of Music. Ngaphezu kwalokho, uWood ungumbhali wemisebenzi eminingi yomculo nezincwadi ezikhuluma ngomculo; wasayina lesi sakamuva ngegama lokuqamba elizwakala ngesiRashiya elithi “P. Klenovsky. Ukuze ucabange ububanzi be-horizons yomdwebi futhi, okungenani ngokwengxenye, amandla ethalente lakhe, kwanele ukulalela okuqoshiwe kukaWood. Sizozwa, ngokwesibonelo, ukusebenza okuhle kakhulu kwe-overture ka-Mozart ka-Don Giovanni, i-Dvorak's Slavic Dances, ama-miniatures ka-Mendelssohn, amakhonsathi ka-Bach's Brandenburg kanye nenqwaba yezinye izingoma.
"Contemporary Conductor", M. 1969.
