Umlando we-bagpipe

Amapayipi esikhwama – insimbi yomculo enamapayipi amabili noma amathathu adlalayo kanye nelilodwa lokugcwalisa uboya ngomoya, futhi libe nedamu lomoya, elenziwe ngesikhumba sesilwane, ikakhulukazi ngesikhumba sethole noma sembuzi. Ishubhu elinezimbobo eziseceleni lisetshenziselwa ukudlala umculo, kanti amanye amabili asetshenziselwa ukukhiqiza kabusha umsindo we-polyphonic.

Umlando wokuvela kwe-bagpipe

Umlando we-bagpipe ubuyela emuva enkathini yesikhathi, i-prototype yayo yayaziwa eNdiya yasendulo. Le nsimbi yomculo inezinhlobonhlobo eziningi ezitholakala emazweni amaningi omhlaba.

Kunobufakazi bokuthi ngesikhathi sobuqaba eRussia, amaSlav asetshenziswa kabanzi leli thuluzi, wayethandwa ikakhulukazi phakathi kwezempi. Amaqhawe aseRussia asebenzisa leli thuluzi ukuze afake i-trance yokulwa. Kusukela eNkathini Ephakathi kuze kube namuhla, i-bagpipe ithatha indawo efanelekile phakathi kwezinsimbi ezidumile zaseNgilandi, e-Ireland naseScotland.

Lapho i-bagpipe yasungulwa futhi ngubani ngokuqondile, umlando wesimanje awaziwa. Kuze kube namuhla, izimpikiswano zesayensi ngalesi sihloko zisaqhubeka.

E-Ireland, ulwazi lokuqala mayelana namapayipi e-bagpipe lusukela ekhulwini lesi-XNUMX. Banesiqiniseko sangempela, njengoba kwatholakala amatshe anemidwebo abantu ababephethe kuyo insimbi eyayifana ne-bagpipe. Kukhona nezinkomba kamuva.

Ngokusho kwenye inguqulo, insimbi efana ne-bagpipe yatholakala eminyakeni eyizinkulungwane ezingu-3 BC, endaweni yokumbiwa kwedolobha lasendulo lase-Uri. Ezincwadini zokubhala zamaGreki asendulo, isibonelo, ezinkondlweni zika-Aristophanes zango-400 BC, kukhona nezinkomba ze-bagpipe. ERoma, ngokusekelwe emithonjeni yemibhalo yokubusa kukaNero, kunobufakazi bokuba khona nokusetshenziswa kwe-bagpipe. Ngalezo zinsuku, “bonke” abantu abavamile babedlala kuyo, ngisho nezinxibi zazikwazi ukuzikhokhela. Le nsimbi yajabulela ukuthandwa okubanzi, futhi kungashiwo ngokuzethemba okuphelele ukuthi ukudlala amapayipi kwakuwukuzilibazisa kwabantu. Ukusekela lokhu, kunobufakazi obuningi obufana nezithombe eziqoshiwe kanye nezincwadi ezihlukahlukene zangaleso sikhathi, ezigcinwe eMinyuziyamu Yezwe, isibonelo, eBerlin.

Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, izinkomba ze-bagpipe ziyanyamalala kancane kancane ezincwadini nasezithombeni eziqoshiwe, zisondela eduze nezindawo ezisenyakatho. Okusho ukuthi, akukhona kuphela ukunyakaza kwensimbi ngokwayo endaweni, kodwa futhi ngeklasi. ERoma uqobo, i-bagpipe izolibaleka amakhulu eminyaka, kepha izovuselelwa futhi ngekhulu lesi-XNUMX, okuzobonakala ezincwadini zemibhalo yangaleso sikhathi.

Kuneziphakamiso eziningana ukuthi izwe le-bagpipe yi-Asia, okuvela kuwo umhlaba wonke. Kodwa lokhu kuhlala kuwukucabangela kuphela, ngoba abukho ubufakazi obuqondile noma obungaqondile balokhu.

Futhi, ukudlala i-bagpipe kwakuyinto ehamba phambili phakathi kwabantu baseNdiya nase-Afrika, futhi ngobuningi phakathi kwabantu abaphansi, okusabalulekile nanamuhla.

EYurophu yekhulu lesi-XNUMX, imisebenzi eminingi yokudweba nemidwebo ibonisa izithombe ezibonisa ukusetshenziswa kwangempela kwe-bagpipe nokuhluka kwayo okuhlukahlukene. Futhi phakathi nezimpi, ngokwesibonelo eNgilandi, i-bagpipe ngokuvamile yayiqashelwa njengohlobo lwesikhali, njengoba yayithuthukisa isimilo samasosha.

Kodwa namanje akukho ukucaca mayelana nokuthi i-bagpipe ivela kanjani futhi kuphi, kanye nokuthi yadalwa ngubani. Ulwazi olunikezwa emithonjeni yezincwadi luyahluka ngezindlela eziningi. Kodwa ngesikhathi esifanayo, basinika imibono evamile, ngokusekelwe kulokho, singaqagela kuphela ngezinga elithile lokungabaza mayelana nemvelaphi yaleli thuluzi kanye nabasunguli balo. Phela, inqwaba yemithombo yezincwadi iyaphikisana, ngoba eminye imithombo ithi izwe le-bagpipe yi-Asia, kanti abanye bathi iYurophu. Kuyacaca ukuthi kungenzeka ukuphinda udale ulwazi lomlando kuphela ngokwenza ucwaningo olujulile lwesayensi kulokhu.