Okukhulu |

French majeur, ital. maggiore, kusukela ku-lat. ezinkulu - ezinkulu; futhi dur, kusukela lat. durus - kanzima

Imodi, esekelwe kunxantathu omkhulu (omkhulu), kanye nombala we-modal (ukuthambekela) kwalo zintathu. Isakhiwo sesikali esikhulu (i-C-dur, noma i-C enkulu):

(njenge-triad, ehambisana nethoni yesi-4, yesi-5 neyesi-6 yesikali semvelo, futhi njengemodi eyakhelwe phezu kwesisekelo salo) inombala okhanyayo womsindo, ophikisana nombala omncane, okungenye yezindlela ezilula kakhulu. ubuhle obubalulekile. umehluko emculweni. M. (empeleni "iningi") lingaqondwa ngomqondo obanzi - hhayi njengemodi yesakhiwo esithile, kodwa njengombala we-modal ngenxa yokuba khona komsindo oyingxenye enkulu yesithathu ukusuka koyinhloko. tones fret. Kusukela kuleli phuzu lokubuka, ikhwalithi ye-main iyisici seqembu elikhulu lezindlela: i-Ionian yemvelo, i-Lydian, i-pentatonic (cdega), evelele, njll.

ENar. Umculo ohlobene ne-M. izindlela zemvelo zombala omkhulu wawukhona, ngokusobala, kakade esikhathini esidlule. Iningi sekuyisikhathi eside liyingxenye yezingoma zika-prof. umculo wezwe (ikakhulukazi umdanso). UGlarean wabhala ngo-1547 ukuthi imodi ye-Ionian ivame kakhulu kuwo wonke amazwe aseYurophu nokuthi “eminyakeni engu-400 edlule, le ndlela iye yabathanda kakhulu abaculi besonto kangangokuthi, ngenxa yobumnandi bayo obukhangayo, bashintsha izingoma zesi-Lydian zaba isi-Ionian. lawo.” Esinye sezibonelo ezigqama kakhulu zekhulu lokuqala yisiNgisi esidumile. “I-canon yasehlobo” (maphakathi nekhulu le-13 (?)] “Ukuvuthwa” komculo kwakushubile ikakhulukazi ekhulwini le-16 (kusuka emculweni wokudansa kuya ezinhlotsheni eziyinkimbinkimbi zepholyphonic). Inkathi yomculo osebenzayo (kanye nezincane) ngomqondo ofanele. yafika emculweni waseYurophu kusukela ngekhulu le-17 Kancane kancane yakhululwa efomini yezwi lezindlela zakudala futhi kusukela maphakathi nekhulu le-18 yathola uhlobo lwalo lwakudala (ukuthembela kumaculo amathathu amakhulu - T, D kanye no-S), yaba uhlobo oluvelele lwe-modal. isakhiwo Ekupheleni kwekhulu le-19 izinsimbi zomculo zase zithuthukele ngokwengxenye ekuthuthukisweni ngezinto ezingezona eze-diatonic kanye nokwahlukaniswa okusebenzayo Emculweni wesimanje, izinsimbi zomculo zikhona njengenye yezinhlelo zomsindo eziyinhloko.

Yu. N. Kholopov