UMargarita Alekseevna Fedorova |

UMargarita Fedorova

Ngo-1972, kwagujwa iminyaka eyi-100 yokuzalwa kukaScriabin. Phakathi kwemicimbi eminingi yobuciko enikezelwe kulolu suku, ukunaka kwabathandi bomculo kwakhangwa umjikelezo we-Scriabin kusihlwa eHholo Elincane laseMoscow Conservatory. Ezinhlelweni eziyisithupha eziqinile, uMargarita Fedorova wenza zonke izingoma (!) zomqambi omangalisayo waseRussia. Imisebenzi engavamile ukubonakala ohlwini lwamakhonsathi nayo yenziwa lapha - izihloko ezingaphezu kuka-200 sezizonke! Ngokuphathelene nalo mjikelezo, u-IF Belza wabhala ephephandabeni i-Pravda: “Inkumbulo eyisimangaliso ngempela, indlela engenasici, ethuthukiswe ngokuphelele kanye nekhono lobuciko elicashile kwamsiza ukuba aqonde futhi adlulisele ubuhle, ukunotha okungokomzwelo komsebenzi kaScriabin, ngesikhathi esifanayo. isikhathi inkimbinkimbi yokusesha kanye nemvelaphi, ngakho ukuhlukanisa emlandweni wobuciko bomculo. Ukusebenza kukaMargarita Fedorova akufakazeli kuphela ubuciko obuphezulu, kodwa futhi nokuhlakanipha okujulile, okwavumela umdlali wopiyano ukuba aveze ukuguquguquka komculi ohlakaniphile ... ". UMargarita Fedorova ubonisa zonke izimfanelo eziphawulwe ochwepheshe bomculo abadumile baseSoviet kweminye imijikelezo.

Umculi futhi unaka kakhulu umsebenzi kaBach: i-repertoire yakhe ihlanganisa wonke amakhonsathi we-clavier womqambi, futhi wenza imisebenzi yakhe ku-harpsichord. “Ngaba nesithakazelo ku-harpsichord,” kusho uFedorova, “kudala, lapho ngihlanganyela emqhudelwaneni we-Bach nasemkhosini owawuseLeipzig. Kwakubonakala kuthakazelisa futhi umsindo wemvelo wemisebenzi emikhulu ekuqaleni. Ngaqala ukuzifundela insimbi entsha, futhi njengoba sengiyingcweti, ngidlala umculo ka-JS Bach kuphela ku-harpsichord. Kakade ubusuku bokuqala bomdlali we-actress kulesi sikhundla esisha buvuse izimpendulo ezithandekayo. Ngakho-ke, u-A. Maykapar uphawule izinga lokudlala kwakhe, ukucaca kwesu lomdlalo, umdwebo ocacile wemigqa yepholyphonic. U-Beethoven akamelelwe kabanzi ezinhlelweni zakhe - wonke ama-sonata nawo wonke amakhonsathi opiyano! Futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo, uletha ukunaka kwabalaleli abangavamile ukwenza imisebenzi kaBeethoven, isibonelo, Izinguquko Eziyishumi esihlokweni se-duet "La stessa, la stessissima" kusukela ku-opera kaSalieri "Falstaff". Isifiso sokwakhiwa kwezinhlelo ze-thematic ("Piano Fantasies", "Izinguquko"), ukuze kuboniswe umsebenzi we-monographic womsebenzi wabaqambi bakudala ("Schubert", "Chopin", "Prokofiev", "Liszt", "Schumann") kanye nababhali baseSoviet ngokuvamile bangenye yezici ezihlukile zokubukeka kobuciko kweFedorova. Ngakho, umjikelezo wamakhonsathi amathathu "Russian and Soviet Piano Sonata", ehlanganisa imisebenzi emikhulu kaP. Tchaikovsky, A. Scriabin, N. Medtner, N. Myaskovsky, S. Prokofiev, i-Academy of Sciences, yaba umcimbi ophawulekayo. Alexandrov, D. Shostakovich, A. Khachaturian, D. Kabalevsky, G. Galynin, N. Peiko, A. Laputin, E. Golubev, A. Babadzhanyan, A. Nemtin, K. Volkov.

Isithakazelo ekudaleni umculo waseSoviet bekulokhu kuyisici somdlali wopiyano. Emagameni ashiwo umuntu angakwazi ukwengeza amagama anjalo abaqambi baseSoviet njengoG. Sviridov, O. Taktakishvili, Ya. Ivanov, nabanye abavame ukuvela ezinhlelweni zakhe.

Nokho, umsebenzi kaScriabin usondelene kakhulu nomdlali wopiyano. Waba nesithakazelo emculweni wakhe ngisho nangesikhathi esengumfundi e-Moscow Conservatory ekilasini likaGG Neuhaus (wathweswa iziqu ngo-1951 futhi wafunda naye esikoleni esiphakeme kwaze kwaba ngu-1955). Nokho, ezinyathelweni ezahlukene indlela yakhe yokudala Fedorova, njengokungathi, ushintsha ukunaka kwakhe endaweni eyodwa noma enye yezinsimbi. Mayelana nalokhu, impumelelo yayo yokuncintisana nayo iyinkomba. Emqhudelwaneni we-Bach e-Leipzig (1950, umklomelo wesibili), ubonise ukuqonda okuhle kakhulu kwesitayela se-polyphonic. Futhi ngemva konyaka waba umnqobi we-Smetana Competition ePrague (umklomelo wesibili) futhi kusukela ngaleso sikhathi ingxenye enkulu ezinhlelweni zakhe zekhonsathi iyingxenye yomculo wabaqambi besiSlavic. Ngaphandle kwemisebenzi eminingi kaChopin, i-repertoire yomdlali wepiyano ihlanganisa izingcezu zikaSmetana, u-Oginsky, F. Lessel, K. Shimanovsky, M. Shimanovskaya, uhlala edlala imisebenzi yabaqambi baseRussia, ngokuyinhloko uTchaikovsky noRachmaninoff. Akumangalisi ukuthi u-LM Zhivov waphawula kokunye kwezibuyekezo zakhe ukuthi "yizingoma ezixhumene eduze namasiko ezincwadi zepiyano zaseRussia ezithola ukubonakaliswa okuthakazelisayo, okungokomzwelo ekuchazeni kukaFedorova."

Grigoriev L., Platek Ya., 1990