Sergey Nikyforovych Vasilenko (Sergei Vasilenko) |

Sergei Vasilenko

Ngize kulo mhlaba ukuzobona iLanga. K. Balmont

Umqambi, umbhidisi, uthisha, umculi nomculi womphakathi u-S. Vasilenko wathuthukiswa njengomuntu ohlakaniphile eminyakeni yangaphambi kwenguquko. Isisekelo esiyinhloko sesitayela sakhe somculo sasiwukulinganisa okuqinile kokuhlangenwe nakho kwama-classics aseRussia, kodwa lokhu akuzange kukhiphe isithakazelo esijulile sokwazi uhla olusha lwezindlela ezizwakalayo. Umndeni womqambi wakhuthaza izithakazelo zobuciko zikaVasilenko. Ufunda izinto eziyisisekelo zokuqamba ngaphansi kokuqondisa komqambi onekhono u-A. Grechaninov, uthanda umdwebo ka-V. Polenov, V. Vasnetsov, M. Vrubel, V. Borisov-Musatov. “Ukuxhumana phakathi komculo nokudweba kwaba sobala kimi minyaka yonke,” kubhala uVasilenko kamuva. Intshisekelo yomculi osemusha emlandweni, ikakhulukazi i-Old Russian, nayo yayinkulu. Iminyaka yokufunda eNyuvesi yaseMoscow (1891-95), isifundo sobuntu sanikeza okuningi ekuthuthukiseni ubuntu bobuciko. Ukusondelana kukaVasilenko nesazi-mlando esidumile saseRussia uV. Klyuchevsky kwakubaluleke kakhulu. Ngo-1895-1901. UVasilenko ungumfundi eMoscow Conservatory. Abaculi baseRussia abavelele kakhulu - S. Taneev, V. Safonov, M. Ippolitov-Ivanov - baba ngabaluleki bakhe bese kuba abangane. NgoTaneyev, uVasilenko wahlangana noP. Tchaikovsky. Kancane kancane, izibopho zakhe zomculo zanda: U-Vasilenko usondela eduze kwasePetersburgers - N. Rimsky-Korsakov, A. Glazunov, A. Lyadov, M. Balakirev; nabagxeki bomculo N. Kashkin no-S. Kruglikov; nowazi wengoma kaZnamenny ethi S. Smolensky. Imihlangano no-A. Scriabin no-S. Rachmaninov, ababeqala indlela yabo ekhaliphile, yayihlale ithakazelisa.

Kakade eminyakeni Conservatory Vasilenko kwaba umbhali wezingoma eziningi, isiqalo esabekwa epic symphonic picture "Izimpi Ezintathu" (1895, esekelwe isihloko esifanayo AK Tolstoy). Imvelaphi yaseRussia ibusa kakhulu ku-opera-cantata ethi The Tale of the Great City of Kitezh kanye ne-Quiet Lake Svetoyar (1902), naku-Epic Poem (1903), naku-First Symphony (1906), esekelwe kumculo wasendulo waseRussia. . Esikhathini sangaphambi kokuguquguquka komsebenzi wakhe wokudala, uVasilenko wahlonipha ezinye zezitayela zesikhathi sethu, ikakhulukazi i-impressionism (inkondlo ye-symphonic ethi "Garden of Death", i-vocal suite "Iziphonso", njll.). Indlela yokudala kaVasilenko yathatha iminyaka engaphezu kwengama-60, wadala imisebenzi engaphezu kuka-200 ehlanganisa izinhlobo eziningi zomculo - kusukela kwezothando nokujwayela mahhala izingoma zabantu abaningi, umculo wemidlalo namafilimu kuya kuma-symphonies nama-opera. Intshisekelo yomqambi engomeni yaseRussia nezingoma zabantu bomhlaba ibilokhu ingashintshile, ijuliswa uhambo oluningi lokuya eRussia, emazweni aseYurophu, eGibhithe, eSyria, eTurkey ("Izingoma zamaMaori", "Izingoma Zakudala Zase-Italy", "Izingoma zesiFulentshi". Troubadours”, “Exotic Suite” njll.).

Kusukela ngo-1906 kuze kube sekupheleni kokuphila kwakhe uVasilenko wafundisa eMoscow Conservatory. Abaculi abangaphezu kwesizukulwane esisodwa bafunda emakilasini akhe okuqamba kanye nezinsimbi (An. Aleksandrov, AV Aleksandrov, N. Golovanov, V. Nechaev, D. Rogal-Levitsky, N. Chemberdzhi, D. Kabalevsky, A. Khachaturian nabanye. ) . Iminyaka eyi-10 (1907-17) uVasilenko wayengumhleli kanye nomqhubi wamakhonsathi omlando adumile. Ayetholakala kubasebenzi nabafundi ngamanani aphansi amathikithi, futhi izinhlelo zaziklanyelwe ukumboza yonke ingcebo yomculo kusukela ekhulwini lama-40 kuya phambili. futhi kuze kube manje. U-Vasilenko wanikeza cishe iminyaka engu-1942 yomsebenzi omkhulu wokudala esikweni lomculo laseSoviet, nalo lonke ithemba lakhe elibonakalayo kanye nokushisekela izwe. Mhlawumbe lezi zimfanelo zibonakale ngamandla athile ku-opera yakhe yokugcina, yesithupha, iSuvorov (XNUMX).

UVasilenko ngokuzithandela waphendukela ekwakhiweni kwe-ballet. Kuma-ballet akhe angcono kakhulu, umqambi udale izithombe ezimibalabala zempilo yesintu, esebenzisa kabanzi isigqi nemiculo yezizwe ezihlukahlukene - iSpanishi ngesiLola, isiNtaliyane e-Mirandolina, isi-Uzbek ngesi-Akbilyak.

Inganekwane yamazwe ngamazwe iphinde yabonakala ohlelweni olunemibala ehlukahlukene yemisebenzi ye-symphonic (symphonic suite "Turkmen Pictures", "Hindu Suite", "Carousel", "Soviet East", njll.). Isiqalo sikazwelonke siphinde sihole kuma-symphonies amahlanu kaVasilenko. Ngakho-ke, "i-Arctic Symphony", enikezelwe ku-Chelyuskins, isekelwe kumculo we-Pomor. UVasilenko wayengomunye wabasunguli bokudala umculo wezinsimbi zomdabu zaseRussia. Kwaziwa kakhulu i-Concerto yakhe ye-balalaika ne-orchestra, ebhalelwe i-balalaika virtuoso N. Osipov.

Amazwi kaVasilenko ezwi, asekuqaleni ngokwemiculo nezigqi ezibukhali, aqukethe amakhasi amaningi agqamile (izothando ku-st. V. Bryusov, K. Balmont, I. Bunin, A. Blok, M. Lermontov).

Ifa lokudala likaVasilenko lihlanganisa nemisebenzi yakhe yethiyori nemibhalo - "Instrumentation ye-symphony orchestra", "Amakhasi wezinkumbulo". Izinkulumo zikaVasilenko ezicacile ezilalelini eziningi, imijikelezo yakhe yezinkulumo zomculo emsakazweni ayinakukhunjulwa. Umdwebi owakhonza abantu ngokwethembeka ngobuciko bakhe, uVasilenko ngokwakhe wasazisa isilinganiso sobuciko bakhe: “Ukuphila kusho ukusebenza ngawo wonke amandla omuntu namakhono akho ukuze kuzuze izwe Lomama.

MAYELANA. I-Tompakova