Otto Nicolai |

Otto Nicolai

Emiculweni emihlanu kaNicolai, owayephila ngesikhathi sikaSchumann noMendelssohn, munye kuphela owaziwayo, i-Merry Wives of Windsor, eyayidume kakhulu ingxenye yekhulu leminyaka - kwaze kwaba sekupheleni kwekhulu lesi-XNUMX, ngaphambi kokuvela kwe-Verdi's Falstaff, eyaduma kakhulu. wasebenzisa itulo lamahlaya afanayo kaShakespeare.

U-Otto Nicolai, owazalwa ngoJuni 9, 1810 enhloko-dolobha yaseMpumalanga Prussia, eKönigsberg, waphila impilo efushane kodwa ekhuthele. Ubaba, umqambi owaziwa kancane, wazama ukufeza izinhlelo zakhe zokuvelela futhi enze ingane ibe yinhlese ngomfana onesiphiwo. Izifundo ezihlukumezayo zenza u-Otto enze imizamo eminingana yokubalekela indlu kayise, okwagcina iphumelele lapho osemusha eneminyaka eyishumi nesithupha ubudala. Kusukela ngo-1827 ubelokhu ehlala eBerlin, efundela ukucula, edlala i-organ kanye nokuqamba nomqambi odumile, inhloko yeSinging Chapel KF Zelter. B. Klein wayengomunye uthisha wakhe wokuqamba ngo-1828-1830. Njengelungu leChoir Choir uNicolai ngo-1829 akazange nje abambe iqhaza ekusebenzeni okudumile kweBach's Passion ngokukaMathewu okwenziwa nguMendelssohn, kodwa futhi wahlabelela indima kaJesu.

Ngonyaka olandelayo, kwanyatheliswa incwadi yokuqala kaNicolai. Ngemva kokuphothula izifundo zakhe, uthola umsebenzi wokuba i-oganist yenxusa lasePrussia eRome futhi ashiye eBerlin. ERoma, wafunda imisebenzi yamakhosi amadala ase-Italy, ikakhulukazi i-Palestrina, waqhubeka nezifundo zakhe zokuqamba no-G. Baini (1835) futhi wazuza udumo enhloko-dolobha yase-Italy njengomfundisi wopiyano nopiyano. Ngo-1835, wabhala umculo wokufa kukaBellini, futhi olandelayo - ngokufa komculi odumile uMaria Malibran.

Cishe ukuhlala iminyaka eyishumi e-Italy kwaphazanyiswa isikhashana umsebenzi wokuba umqhubi nothisha wokucula e-Vienna Court Opera (1837-1838). Ebuyela e-Italy, uNicolai waqala ukusebenza kuma-opera kuma-librettos ase-Italian (enye yawo ekuqaleni yayihloselwe i-Verdi), eveza ithonya elingangabazeki labaqambi abadumile kakhulu ngaleso sikhathi - uBellini noDonizetti. Iminyaka emithathu (1839-1841), wonke ama-opera angu-4 kaNicolai adlalwa emadolobheni ahlukahlukene ase-Italy, kanti iThe Templar, esekelwe kunoveli kaWalter Scott ethi Ivanhoe, ibidumile okungenani iminyaka eyishumi: yenziwe eNaples, eVienna. naseBerlin, eBarcelona naseLisbon, eBudapest naseBucharest, ePetersburg naseCopenhagen, eMexico City naseBuenos Aires.

UNicolai uchitha iminyaka yawo-1840 eVienna. Wenza inguqulo entsha yeyodwa yama-opera ase-Italian ahunyushelwe olimini lwesiJalimane. Ngaphezu kokwenza imisebenzi e-Court Chapel, u-Nicolai futhi uthola udumo njengomhleli wamakhonsathi e-philharmonic, lapho, ngaphansi kobuholi bakhe, ikakhulukazi, i-Beethoven's Ninth Symphony yenziwa khona. Ngo-1848 wathuthela eBerlin, wasebenza njengomqhubi we-Court Opera kanye neDome Cathedral. Ngo-March 9, 1849, umqambi uqhuba umbukiso wokuqala we-opera yakhe ehamba phambili, i-Merry Wives of Windsor.

Ezinyangeni ezimbili kamuva, ngo-May 11, 1849, uNicolai ushona eBerlin.

A. Koenigsberg