Monody |

I-Greek monodia, ikhanya. - ingoma eyodwa, ingoma eyedwa

1) E-Dr. Greece - ukucula komculi oyedwa, oyedwa, kanye nokuhambisana ne-aulos, i-kitara noma i-lyre, izikhathi ezimbalwa ezimbalwa. amathuluzi. Igama elithi "M". sebenzisa ch. ar. ezingxenyeni zenhlekelele eyenziwa abahlabeleli (ama-parodies alezi zingxenye atholakala kwamanye amahlaya amaGreki esikhathi sakamuva). Isici sika-M. kwakuwukubonakaliswa kosizi olujulile, ngezinye izikhathi injabulo enkulu. Izinhlobo ze-Nek-ry ze-M. zazimelela ukuthuthukiswa kwezinhlobo zakuqala ze-dithyramb. Esikhathini samanje, u-M. uvame ukuqondwa njenganoma yiziphi izingoma eziyedwa zikaDkt. Greece, ngokuphambene nezingoma zamakhwaya, noma yiziphi izingxenye ezihloselwe ukucula ngesinye isiGreki. kanye namahlaya aseRoma.

2) Uhlobo lokucula yedwa nge-instr. ukuphelezela, okwavela ngekhulu le-16. e-Italy ku-Florentine Camerata, eyayifuna ukuvuselela i-antique. icala lomculo. Ngokuhambisana nobuhle izilungiselelo zangaleso sikhathi ngendlela efanayo ye-M. tempo, isigqi kanye nengoma ngokwayo. ukuphenduka kwakungaphansi ngokuphelele kombhalo, kunqunywa isigqi sawo nobunkondlo. okuqukethwe. Ku-M. enjalo, ukushintshaniswa kwamanothi kuyinto evamile. ubude besikhathi, ivolumu ebanzi yomculo kanye nokweqa okukhulu kwezwi. Ukuphelezela kuka-M. kwakune-homophonic futhi kwakubhalwe ngendlela yebhesi evamile. Lesi sitayela, esibizwa ngokuthi "i-recitative" (i-stile recitativo), sithole inkulumo yaso evuthiwe kuma-opera nama-solo madrigals ka-J. Peri, G. Caccini kanye no-C. Monteverdi. Abaningana bahlukene. izinhlobo ze-M., kuye ngezinga lokubusa kulo kwesiqalo esiphindaphindayo noma esimnandi. Lesi sitayela esisha (i-stile nuovo), esisesimweni saso sokuqala esathatha iminyaka embalwa kuphela. emashumini eminyaka, yaba nethonya elikhulu ekuthuthukisweni komculo. icala. Kuholele ekunqobeni kwenqolobane ye-homophonic phezu kwe-polyphonic, ekuveleni kwenani lezinhlobo ezintsha nezinhlobo (i-aria, i-recitative, i-opera, i-cantata, njll.) kanye nokuguqulwa okunamandla kwezangaphambili.

3) Ngomqondo obanzi - noma iyiphi i-monophonic melody, noma iyiphi indawo yama-muses esekelwe ku-monophony. isiko (isibonelo, ingoma ye-M. Gregorian, enye ingoma yesonto laseRussia, njll.).