Nikolai Yakovlevich Afanasiev |

UNicolai Afanasiev

Wafunda umculo ngaphansi kokuqondisa kukayise, violinist Yakov Ivanovich Afanasiev. Ngo 1838-41 violinist we Bolshoi Theatre Orchestra. Ngo-1841-46 i-bandmaster ye-serf yaseshashalazini yomnikazi wendawo II Shepelev e-Vyksa. Ngo-1851-58 i-violinist ye-Petersburg Italian Opera. Ngo-1853-83 wayenguthisha eSmolny Institute (ikilasi lepiyano). Kusukela ngo-1846 wanikeza amakhonsathi amaningi (ngo-1857 - eNtshonalanga Yurophu).

Omunye wama-violinist amakhulu aseRussia, ummeleli wesikole sothando. Umbhali wemisebenzi eminingi, phakathi kwayo evelele i-quartet yezintambo "Volga" (1860, i-RMO Prize, 1861), esekelwe ekuthuthukisweni kwezingoma zabantu besifunda saseVolga. Ama-quartet akhe ezintambo kanye nama-quintets ayizibonelo ezibalulekile zomculo we-Russian chamber esikhathini esandulela izingoma ze-AP Borodin kanye no-PI Tchaikovsky.

Encwadini yakhe, u-Afanasiev wasebenzisa izinto zomlando (isibonelo, i-Quartet yamaJuda, i-piano quintet Reminiscence yase-Italy, i-Tatar idansa nekhwaya ye-opera Ammalat-Bek). I-cantata yakhe ethi "Umkhosi KaPetru Omkhulu" yayidumile (umklomelo we-RMO, 1860).

Izingoma eziningi zika-Afanasiev (ama-operas angu-4, ama-symphonies angu-6, i-oratorio, amakhonsathi e-violin angu-9, nezinye eziningi) zahlala emibhalweni yesandla (zigcinwe emtatsheni wezincwadi weLeningrad Conservatory).

UMfoweth Afanasiev - Alexander Yakovlevich Afanasiev (1827 - ukufa akwaziwa) - i-cellist kanye nomdlali wopiyano. Ngo-1851-71 wakhonza ku-orchestra yeBolshoi (kusukela ngo-1860 Mariinsky) Theatre eSt. Uhlanganyele ohambweni lwekhonsathi yomfowabo njengomphelezeli.

Ukwakhiwa:

ama-operas - Ammalat-Bek (1870, Mariinsky Theatre, St. Petersburg), Stenka Razin, Vakula the Blacksmith, Taras Bulba, Kalevig; ikhonsathi ye-vlc. nge orc. (clavier, ed. 1949); chamber-instr. ama-ensembles - ama-quintets angu-4, izintambo ezingu-12. ama-quartets; kwe fp. - i-sonata (I-Expanse), Sat. imidlalo (I-albhamu, Umhlaba Wezingane, njll.); kwe skr. kanye fp. - i-sonata A-dur (iphinde ikhishwe ngo-1952), izingcezu, kuhlanganise nezingcezu ezintathu (ikhishwe kabusha ngo-1950); i-suit ye-viol d'amour nepiyano; ezothando, izingoma ezingama-33 zesiSlavic (1877), izingoma zezingane (izincwadi eziyi-14, ezishicilelwe ngo-1876); amakhwaya, okuhlanganisa izingoma zamakhwaya eziyi-115 zezingane nentsha (izincwadi zokubhalela eziyi-8), imidlalo yezingane engama-50 namakhwaya (i-cappella), izingoma zomdabu zaseRussia ezingama-64 (eyanyatheliswa ngo-1875); fp. isikole (1875); Ukuzivocavoca kwansuku zonke kokuthuthukiswa komshini wesandla sokunene nesobunxele se-violin eyodwa.

Imisebenzi yemibhalo: Izikhumbuzo ze-N. Ya. Afanasiev, "Historical Bulletin", 1890, imiqulu. 41, 42, Julayi, Agasti.

References: Ulybyshev A., umculi wevayolini waseRussia uN. Ya. Afanasiev, "Sev. bee”, 1850, No 253; (C. Cui), Amanothi Omculo. "I-Volga", i-quartet kaG. Afanasyev, "SPB Vedomosti", 1871, November 19, No. 319; Z., Nikolai Yakovlevich Afanasiev. I-Obituary, “RMG”, 1898, No 7, ikholomu. 659-61; Yampolsky I., ubuciko bevayolini yaseRussia, (vol.) 1, M.-L., 1951, ch. 17; Raaben L., Instrumental ensemble in Russian music, M., 1961, p. 152-55, 221-24; Shelkov N., Nikolai Afanasiev (Amagama Akhohliwe), "MF", 1962, No 10.

I-IM Yampolsky