Leopold Auer |
Leopold Auer
U-Auer ulandisa izinto eziningi ezithakazelisayo ngempilo yakhe encwadini yakhe ethi Among Musicians. Ibhalwe kakade eminyakeni yakhe ewohlokayo, ayihlukani nokunemba kwedokhumenti, kodwa ikuvumela ukuthi ubheke ku-biography yokudala yombhali wayo. U-Auer ungufakazi, ungumhlanganyeli okhuthele kanye nesibukeli esicashile senkathi ethakazelisa kakhulu ekuthuthukisweni kwesiko lomculo laseRussia nelomhlaba engxenyeni yesibili yekhulu lesi-XNUMX; wayengumkhulumeli wemibono eminingi eqhubekayo yenkathi futhi wahlala ethembekile emithethweni yayo kwaze kwaba sekupheleni kwezinsuku zakhe.
U-Auer wazalwa ngo-June 7, 1845 edolobheni elincane laseHungary laseVeszprem, emndenini womdwebi wezandla. Izifundo zomfana zaqala eneminyaka engu-8 ubudala, eBudapest Conservatory, ekilasini likaProfesa Ridley Cone.
U-Auer akabhali nezwi ngomama wakhe. Imigqa embalwa enemibala inikezelwe kuye ngumlobi uRachel Khin-Goldovskaya, umngane oseduze womfazi wokuqala ka-Auer. Kumadayari akhe sifunda ukuthi umama ka-Auer wayengowesifazane ongabonakali. Kamuva, lapho umyeni wakhe eshona, wayenakekela isitolo sokuthunga izinwele, ngemali ayeziphilisa ngayo kancane.
Ukukhula kuka-Auer kwakungelula, umndeni wawuvame ukubhekana nezinkinga zezezimali. Lapho u-Ridley Cone enikeza umfundi wakhe i-debut ekhonsathini enkulu yokupha e-National Opera (u-Auer wenza i-Concerto ka-Mendelssohn), abaxhasi baba nesithakazelo kumfana; ngokusekelwa kwabo, i-violinist encane yathola ithuba lokungena e-Vienna Conservatory kuprofesa odumile u-Yakov Dont, ayemkweleta indlela yakhe ye-violin. Ku-conservatory, u-Auer naye waya ekilasini le-quartet eliholwa uJoseph Helmesberger, lapho afunda khona izisekelo eziqinile zesitayela sakhe segumbi.
Nokho, ngokushesha imali imfundo yoma, futhi ngemva kweminyaka engu-2 izifundo, ngo-1858, ngokudabuka washiya Conservatory. Kusukela manje kuqhubeke, useba ngumondli ophambili womndeni, ngakho kufanele enze amakhonsathi ngisho nasemadolobheni ezifundazweni zezwe. Ubaba wathatha imisebenzi ye-impresario, bathola umshayi wopiyano, “eswele njengathi, owayekulungele ukuhlanganyela nathi itafula nendawo yokuhlala edabukisayo,” futhi waqala ukuphila ukuphila kwabaculi abajikelezayo.
“Sasilokhu siqhaqhazela ngenxa yemvula neqhwa, futhi ngangivame ukuphefumula lapho ngibona umbhoshongo wensimbi nophahla lwedolobha, okwakufanele lusikhoselise ngemva kohambo olukhathele.”
Lokhu kwaqhubeka iminyaka emi-2. Mhlawumbe u-Auer ubengeke aphume esikhundleni somdlali we-violini omncane wesifundazwe, uma kungenjalo umhlangano ongasoze wawukhohlwa no-Vieuxtan. Ngesinye isikhathi, lapho bema eGraz, idolobha elikhulu lesifundazwe saseStyria, bezwa ukuthi iViettan yayize lapha futhi yenza ikhonsathi. U-Auer wahlabeka umxhwele ngokudlala kukaViet Tang, futhi uyise wenza imizamo eyinkulungwane yokwenza i-violinist enkulu ilalele indodana yakhe. Ehhotela bamukelwa ngomusa omkhulu nguVietang ngokwakhe, kodwa ngokubanda kakhulu umkakhe.
Ake sishiye phansi ku-Auer ngokwakhe: “Ms. U-Vietang wahlala phansi ophiyanoni enokubonakaliswa okungabonakali kwesithukuthezi ebusweni bakhe. Nginovalo ngokwemvelo, ngaqala ukudlala i-“Fantaisie Caprice” (umsebenzi kaVieux. – LR), wonke ngiqhaqhazela ngenxa yenjabulo. Angikhumbuli ukuthi ngidlale kanjani, kodwa kimina kubonakala sengathi ngifaka wonke umphefumulo wami kuwo wonke amanothi, nakuba indlela yami engathuthukisiwe yayingaphumeleli ngaso sonke isikhathi. UViettan wangijabulisa ngokumamatheka kwakhe kobungane. Kungazelelwe, ngaso leso sikhathi lapho ngifika phakathi kwebinzana le-cantabile, engivuma ngalo, ngadlala ngokuzwela kakhulu, uMadame Vietang wagxuma esihlalweni sakhe futhi waqala ukugijima ekamelweni ngokushesha. Egoba phansi, wabheka kuwo wonke amakhona, ngaphansi kwefenisha, ngaphansi kwetafula, ngaphansi kopiyano, nomoya omatasa wendoda elahlekelwe okuthile futhi engayitholi nganoma iyiphi indlela. Ngiphazanyiswe ngingalindele isenzo sakhe esingajwayelekile, ngime ngiwuvule wonke umlomo, ngizibuza ukuthi ngabe kuchazani konke lokhu. Wamangala, u-Vieuxtan walandela ukunyakaza komkakhe ngokumangala futhi wambuza ukuthi ufunani ngokukhathazeka okungaka ngaphansi kwefenisha. “Kunjengokungathi amakati acashe ndawana thize lapha ekamelweni,” kusho yena, amabala awo aphuma kuwo wonke amakhona. Uqaphe i-glissando yami ezwela ngokweqile emshweni we-cantabile. Kusukela ngalolo suku kuqhubeke, ngangizonda yonke i-glissando ne-vibrato, futhi kuze kube manje angisakhumbuli ngaphandle kokuthuthumela ukuvakasha kwami eViettan.”
Nokho, lo mhlangano ubonakale ubalulekile, kwaphoqeleka ukuthi lo mculi osemncane aziphathe ngendlela efanele. Kusukela manje kuqhubeke, wonga imali ukuze aqhubeke nemfundo yakhe, futhi uzibekela umgomo wokufika eParis.
Basondela eParis kancane, benikeza amakhonsathi emadolobheni aseNingizimu Jalimane naseHolland. Kuphela ngo-1861 ubaba nendodana bafika enhloko-dolobha yaseFrance. Kodwa lapha u-Auer washintsha ngokuzumayo umqondo wakhe futhi, ngeseluleko sabantu bakubo, esikhundleni sokungena eParis Conservatory, waya eHannover kuJoachim. Izifundo zomdlali wevayolini odumile zathatha kusukela ngo-1863 kuya ku-1864 futhi, naphezu kwesikhathi sazo esifushane, zaba nomthelela omkhulu empilweni nasemisebenzini eyalandela ka-Auer.
Ngemva kokuphothula izifundo zakhe, u-Auer waya eLeipzig ngo-1864, lapho amenywa khona nguF. David. Ukuqala ngempumelelo ehholo elidumile laseGewandhaus kumvulela amathemba aqhakazile. Usayina inkontileka yesikhundla sokuba umphathi wekhonsathi we-orchestra e-Düsseldorf futhi usebenza lapha kuze kuqale impi yase-Austro-Prussian (1866). Isikhathi esithile, u-Auer wathuthela eHamburg, lapho enza khona imisebenzi ye-orchestra kanye ne-quartetist, lapho kungazelelwe ethola isimemo sokuthatha indawo yomdlali wevayolini wokuqala kuMüller Brothers Quartet edume umhlaba wonke. Omunye wabo wagula, futhi ukuze bangalahlekelwa amakhonsathi, abazalwane baphoqeleka ukuba baye e-Auer. Udlale i-quartet ye-Muller kwaze kwaba uyahamba eRussia.
Isimo esasebenza njengesizathu esisheshayo sokumemela u-Auer e-St. Ngokusobala, uRubinstein waqaphela ngokushesha umculi osemusha, futhi ezinyangeni ezimbalwa kamuva, umqondisi ngaleso sikhathi we-Conservatory yaseSt. Ngo-September 1868 waya Petersburg.
I-Russia yakhanga ngokungavamile u-Auer ngamathemba okwenza nokufundisa. Wakhanga isimo sakhe esishisayo nesinamandla, futhi u-Auer, owayehlose ukuhlala lapha iminyaka engu-3 kuphela, wayivuselela kaningi inkontileka, waba omunye wabakhi abakhuthele kakhulu besiko lomculo laseRussia. E-conservatory, wayenguprofesa oholayo futhi eyilungu elihlala njalo lomkhandlu wezobuciko kuze kube ngu-1917; wafundisa i-violin eyedwa kanye namakilasi ahlanganisayo; kusukela ngo-1868 kuya ku-1906 wahola iQuartet yegatsha laseSt. Petersburg le-RMS, elalibhekwa njengelinye lamazwe ahamba phambili eYurophu; minyaka yonke wayenikeza inqwaba yamakhonsathi eyedwa kanye nobusuku begumbi. Kodwa into eyinhloko ukuthi wadala isikole se-violin esidume umhlaba wonke, esicwebezela ngamagama anjengoJ. Heifetz, M. Polyakin, E. Zimbalist, M. Elman, A. Seidel, B. Sibor, L. Zeitlin, M. Bang, K. Parlow , M. and I. Piastro and many, many others.
U-Auer uvele eRussia ngesikhathi somzabalazo oshubile owahlukanisa umphakathi womculo waseRussia waba amakamu amabili aphikisanayo. Omunye wabo wayemelwe yi-Mighty Handful eholwa ngu-M. Balakirev, enye yi-conservatives ehlanganiswe eduze no-A. Rubinshtein.
Zombili lezi zindlela zibambe iqhaza elikhulu ekuthuthukiseni isiko lomculo laseRussia. Ingxabano phakathi kwe "Kuchkists" kanye "namaConservatives" ichazwe izikhathi eziningi futhi iyaziwa kakhulu. Ngokwemvelo, u-Auer wajoyina ikamu "le-conservative"; wayenobungane obukhulu no-A. Rubinstein, K. Davydov, P. Tchaikovsky. U-Auer wabiza uRubinstein ngengcweti futhi wakhothama phambi kwakhe; noDavydov, wayehlangene hhayi kuphela ngokuzwelana komuntu siqu, kodwa futhi neminyaka eminingi yomsebenzi ohlangene ku-RMS Quartet.
AmaKuchkists aqale amphatha kabi u-Auer. Kunezinkulumo eziningi ezibucayi ezihlokweni zikaBorodin noCui ngezinkulumo zika-Auer. U-Borodin ummangalela ngokubanda, uCui - ngephimbo elingcolile, i-trill embi, engenambala. Kodwa amaKuchkists akhulume kahle ngo-Auer the Quartetist, embheka njengegunya elingenaphutha kule ndawo.
Lapho uRimsky-Korsakov eba uprofesa e-Conservatory, isimo sakhe sengqondo ku-Auer ngokuvamile sashintsha kancane, sahlala sihloniphekile kodwa sibanda ngendlela efanele. Naye u-Auer wayengenalo uzwelo kumaKuchkists futhi ekupheleni kwempilo yakhe wababiza ngokuthi "ihlelo", "iqembu labashisekeli bobuzwe."
Ubungane obukhulu baxhuma u-Auer noTchaikovsky, futhi kwazamazama kanye kuphela, lapho umdlali we-violin engakwazi ukubonga ikhonsathi ye-violin enikezelwe kuye umqambi.
Akumangalisi ukuthi u-Auer wathatha indawo ephakeme kangaka esikweni lomculo laseRussia. Wayenazo lezo zimfanelo ezaziswa ngokukhethekile ekuphumeleleni komsebenzi wakhe wokwenza, ngakho-ke wakwazi ukuncintisana nabadlali abavelele njengoVenyavsky noLaub, nakuba ayengaphansi kwabo ngokwekhono nethalente. Abantu besikhathi sika-Auer bajabulele ubuciko bakhe nomuzwa ocashile womculo wakudala. Ekudlaleni kuka-Auer, ukuqina nokubalula, ikhono lokujwayela umsebenzi owenziwayo nokudlulisa okuqukethwe kwawo ngokuhambisana nomlingiswa nesitayela, bekuqashelwa njalo. U-Auer wayebhekwa njengomhumushi omuhle kakhulu we-sonatas ka-Bach, ikhonsathi ye-violin kanye namaquartet ka-Beethoven. I-repertoire yakhe nayo yathinteka ekukhulisweni okwatholwa ku-Joachim - kuthisha wakhe, wathatha uthando lomculo we-Spohr, Viotti.
Wayevame ukudlala imisebenzi yesikhathi sakhe, ikakhulukazi abaqambi baseJalimane uRaff, Molik, Bruch, Goldmark. Kodwa-ke, uma ukusebenza kwe-Beethoven Concerto kuhlangene nempendulo enhle kakhulu evela kumphakathi waseRussia, khona-ke ukukhangwa ku-Spohr, Goldmark, Bruch, Raff kubangele ukusabela okungekuhle kakhulu.
Izincwadi ze-Virtuoso ezinhlelweni zika-Auer zathatha indawo enesizotha kakhulu: kusukela efeni likaPaganini, wadlala kuphela "Moto perpetuo" ebusheni bakhe, kwase kuthi amanye amaphupho kanye ne-Concerto ka-Ernst, imidlalo namakhonsathi kaVietana, u-Auer amhlonipha kakhulu njengomdlali futhi. njengomqambi.
Njengoba kwavela imisebenzi yabaqambi baseRussia, wafuna ukunothisa ingoma yakhe nabo; imidlalo edlalwa ngokuzithandela, amakhonsathi namaqoqo ka-A. Rubinshtein. P. Tchaikovsky, C. Cui, futhi kamuva - Glazunov.
Babhala ngokudlala kuka-Auer ukuthi akanawo amandla namandla kaVenyavsky, indlela emangalisayo yaseSarasate, “kodwa akanazo izimfanelo ezibaluleke kakhulu: lokhu kuwumusa ongavamile nokuzungeza kwephimbo, umuzwa wokulinganisa nengqondo ezuzisa kakhulu. imisho yomculo kanye nokuqeda imivimbo ecashile kakhulu. ; ngakho-ke, ukwenziwa kwayo kuhlangabezana nezidingo eziqine kakhulu.
“Umculi ozimisele futhi oqinile… onesiphiwo sokukhalipha nomusa… yilokho u-Auer ayikho,” babhala ngaye ekuqaleni kwawo-900s. Futhi uma ngeminyaka yama-70s nama-80s u-Auer ngezinye izikhathi wayehlanjalazwa ngokuba nesandla esiqinile, emngceleni wokubanda, kamuva kwaphawulwa ukuthi “phakathi neminyaka, kubonakala sengathi, udlala ngokunethezeka nangokwenkondlo ngokwengeziwe, ebamba umlaleli ngokujulile nangokujulile. umnsalo wakhe othakazelisayo."
Uthando luka-Auer lomculo we-chamber lusebenza njengentambo ebomvu kuyo yonke impilo ka-Auer. Phakathi neminyaka yokuphila kwakhe eRussia, wadlala izikhathi eziningi no-A. Rubinstein; ngawo-80s, umcimbi omkhulu womculo kwaba ukusebenza kwawo wonke umjikelezo we-sonatas ye-violin kaBeethoven nomshayi wepiyano ongumFulentshi uL. Brassin, owahlala isikhathi esithile eSt. Ngama-90s, waphinda umjikelezo ofanayo no-d'Albert. Izikhathi zakusihlwa ze-sonata zika-Auer no-Raul Pugno zidonse ukunaka; Iqoqo lika-Auer elihlala njalo no-A. Esipova lijabulise ababazi bomculo iminyaka eminingi. Mayelana nomsebenzi wakhe ku-RMS Quartet, u-Auer wabhala: “Ngokushesha (lapho ngifika eSt. Ngesikhathi sokuprakthiza kwethu kokuqala kwamaquartet, wangingenisa endlini yakhe futhi wangazisa kumkakhe othandekayo. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, lezi zivivinyo ziye zaba umlando, njengoba ucezu ngalunye lwegumbi elisha lepiyano neyunithi yezinhlamvu zenziwa ngokungaguquki yi-quartet yethu, eyenze okokuqala phambi komphakathi. Ivayolini yesibili yadlalwa uJacques Pickel, umphathi wekhonsathi wokuqala we-Russian Imperial Opera Orchestra, futhi ingxenye ye-viola yayidlalwa u-Weikman, i-viola yokuqala ye-orchestra efanayo. Le nhlanganisela idlale okokuqala embhalweni wesandla wamaquartets asekuqaleni ka-Tchaikovsky. U-Arensky, u-Borodin, uCui nezingoma ezintsha zika-Anton Rubinstein. Bekuyizinsuku ezimnandi lezo!”
Kodwa-ke, i-Auer ayinembile ngokuphelele, njengoba ama-quartets amaningi aseRussia aqala ukudlalwa ngabanye abadlali be-ensemble, kodwa, ngempela, eSt.
Echaza imisebenzi ka-Auer, umuntu akanakuziba ukuziphatha kwakhe. Izinkathi ezimbalwa zonyaka wayengumqhubi oyinhloko wemihlangano ye-symphony ye-RMS (1883, 1887-1892, 1894-1895), inhlangano ye-symphony orchestra e-RMS ihlotshaniswa negama lakhe. Ngokuvamile imihlangano yayidlalwa i-orchestra ye-opera. Ngeshwa, i-orchestra ye-RMS, eyavela kuphela ngenxa yamandla ka-A. Rubinstein no-Auer, yahlala iminyaka engu-2 kuphela (1881-1883) futhi yahlakazwa ngenxa yokuntuleka kwemali. U-Auer njengomqhubi wayaziwa kakhulu futhi waziswa kakhulu eJalimane, Holland, France nakwamanye amazwe lapho acula khona.
Iminyaka engu-36 (1872-1908) u-Auer wasebenza eMariinsky Theatre njengomculi ocula yedwa we-orchestra emidlalo ye-ballet. Ngaphansi kwakhe, ama-premieres we-ballet kaTchaikovsky noGlazunov ayebanjwe, wayengumhumushi wokuqala we-violin solos emisebenzini yabo.
Lesi isithombe esijwayelekile somsebenzi womculo ka-Auer eRussia.
Kunolwazi oluncane mayelana nempilo yomuntu siqu ka-Auer. Ezinye izici eziphilayo ku-biography yakhe izinkumbulo zomdlali wevayolini oyimfundamakhwela u-AV Unkovskaya. Wafunda no-Auer eseyintombazane. “Kwake kwavela ibhuluntshi elinentshebe encane esilika endlini; lona bekunguthisha omusha wevayolini, uSolwazi Auer. Ugogo ugadile. Amehlo akhe ansundu ngokumnyama, amakhulu, athambile futhi ahlakaniphile abuka ugogo wakhe ngokucophelela, futhi, emlalele, wabonakala ehlaziya isimilo sakhe; ngizwa lokhu, ugogo wami wayebonakala enamahloni, izihlathi zakhe ezindala zaba bomvu, futhi ngabona ukuthi wayezama ukukhuluma ngomusa nangobuhlakani ngangokunokwenzeka - bakhuluma ngesiFulentshi.
Ukufuna ukwazi kwesazi sokusebenza kwengqondo sangempela, u-Auer ayenaso, kwamsiza ekufundiseni.
Ngo-May 23, 1874, u-Auer washada noNadezhda Evgenievna Pelikan, isihlobo somqondisi ngaleso sikhathi we-Azanchevsky Conservatory, owayevela emndenini ocebile ocebile. U-Nadezhda Evgenievna washada no-Auer ngenxa yothando oluvuthayo. Ubaba wakhe, u-Evgeny Ventseslavovich Pelikan, usosayensi owaziwayo, udokotela wezempilo, umngane kaSechenov, u-Botkin, u-Eichwald, wayeyindoda enombono ovulekile. Kodwa-ke, naphezu "kwenkululeko" yakhe, wayephikisana kakhulu nomshado wendodakazi yakhe nge "plebeian", futhi ngaphezu kwemvelaphi yamaJuda. “Ukuze aphazamiseke,” kubhala uR. Khin-Goldovskaya, “wathumela indodakazi yakhe eMoscow, kodwa iMoscow ayizange isize, futhi uNadezhda Evgenievna wasuka ekubeni isiqumama esizelwe kahle waba u-m-me Auer. Umbhangqwana osemusha wenza uhambo lwawo lwe-honeymoon e-Hungary, endaweni ethile encane lapho umama "uPoldi" ... ayenesitolo se-haberdashery. Umama u-Auer watshela wonke umuntu ukuthi uLeopold wayeshade “inkosazana yaseRussia.” Wayeyithanda kakhulu indodana yakhe kangangokuthi uma ishada nendodakazi yeNgonyama, yayingeke imangale. Umphathe kahle u-belle-soeur wabe esemshiya esitolo esikhundleni sokuthi azishiye eseyophumula.
Lapho bebuya phesheya, abakwa-Auers abasebasha baqasha indawo enhle kakhulu futhi baqala ukuhlela ukuhlwa komculo, okwathi ngoLwesibili kwahlanganisa amabutho omculo endawo, abantu baseSt. Petersburg nosaziwayo abavakashile.
U-Auer wayenamadodakazi amane emshadweni wakhe noNadezhda Evgenievna: Zoya, Nadezhda, Natalya noMaria. U-Auer uthenge i-villa enhle e-Dubbeln, lapho umndeni wawuhlala khona ngezinyanga zasehlobo. Indlu yakhe yayihlukaniswa ngokungenisa izihambi nokungenisa izihambi, ngesikhathi sasehlobo izivakashi eziningi zazifika lapha. U-Khin-Goldovskaya wachitha ihlobo elilodwa (1894) lapho, enikezela imigqa elandelayo ku-Auer: "Yena ngokwakhe ungumculi omangalisayo, i-violinist emangalisayo, umuntu "ophucuziwe" kakhulu ezigabeni zaseYurophu nakuyo yonke imibuthano yomphakathi ... … ngemuva “kokucwebezela” kwangaphandle kuzo zonke imikhuba yakhe umuntu uhlale ezizwa “engumuntu othanda abantu” - indoda evela kubantu - ekhaliphile, enobuqili, enobuqili, edelelayo futhi enomusa. Uma uthatha ivayolini kuye, angaba umthengisi wamasheya oncomekayo, i-ejenti yekhomishana, usomabhizinisi, ummeli, udokotela, noma yini. Unamehlo amahle amakhulu amnyama, sengathi uthelwe ngamafutha. Lokhu “kuhudula” kunyamalala kuphela uma edlala izinto ezinhle … uBeethoven, uBach. Khona-ke izinhlansi zomlilo ovuthayo zikhanya kubo ... Ekhaya, u-Khin-Goldovskaya uyaqhubeka, u-Auer ungumyeni omnandi, onothando, olalelayo, ubaba onomusa, nakuba oqinile, obukela ukuthi amantombazane ayazi "ukuhleleka." Unomoya wokungenisa izihambi, umnandi, ungumuntu ohlakaniphile; uhlakaniphe kakhulu, unentshisekelo kwezombusazwe, izincwadi, ubuciko… Ilula ngendlela emangalisayo, hhayi nokuncane ukuma. Noma yimuphi umfundi we-conservatory ubaluleke kakhulu kunaye, usaziwayo waseYurophu.
U-Auer wayenezandla ezingabongi ngokomzimba futhi wayephoqeleka ukuba afunde amahora amaningana ngosuku, ngisho nasehlobo, ngesikhathi sokuphumula. Wayekhuthele ngendlela engavamile. Umsebenzi emkhakheni wezobuciko wawuyisisekelo sempilo yakhe. “Funda, sebenza,” kuwumyalo wakhe oqhubekayo kubafundi bakhe, i-leitmotif yezincwadi zakhe eziya emadodakazini akhe. Wabhala ngaye: “Ngifana nomshini ogijimayo, futhi akukho okungangivimba, ngaphandle kokugula noma ukufa ...”
Kuze kube ngu-1883, u-Auer wayehlala eRussia njengesifundo sase-Austrian, wabe esedluliselwa ekubeni yisakhamuzi saseRussia. Ngo-1896 wanikezwa isicoco sokuba yisikhulu sofuzo, ngo-1903 - ikhansela lombuso, kwathi ngo-1906 - ikhansela lezwe langempela.
Njengabaculi abaningi besikhathi sakhe, wayekude nezombusazwe futhi wayezolile mayelana nezici ezimbi zeqiniso laseRussia. Akazange akuqonde noma akwamukele ukuvukela umbuso ka-1905, noma ukuvukelwa kukaFebruwari 1917, noma i-Great October Revolution. Phakathi neziyaluyalu zabafundi zango-1905, nazo ezabamba i-conservatory, wayesohlangothini lwabaprofesa abasabelayo, kodwa ngendlela, hhayi ngenxa yezinkolelo zezombangazwe, kodwa ngenxa yokuthi iziyaluyalu ... zazibonakala emakilasini. I-Conservatism yakhe yayingeyona into eyisisekelo. I-violin yamnikeza isikhundla esiqinile, esiqinile emphakathini, wayematasa ngobuciko impilo yakhe yonke futhi wangena kukho konke, engacabangi ngokungapheleli kwesimiso sezenhlalakahle. Ngaphezu kwakho konke, wayezinikele kubafundi bakhe, babeyimisebenzi yakhe yobuciko. Ukunakekela abafundi bakhe kwaba isidingo somphefumulo wakhe, futhi-ke, wasuka eRussia, eshiya amadodakazi akhe, umndeni wakhe, i-conservatory lapha, kuphela ngenxa yokuthi wagcina eMelika nabafundi bakhe.
Ngo-1915-1917, u-Auer waya eNorway ngamaholide ehlobo, lapho aphumula khona futhi esebenza ngesikhathi esifanayo, ezungezwe abafundi bakhe. Ngo-1917 kwadingeka ahlale eNorway nasebusika. Lapha wathola uguquko lukaFebhuwari. Ekuqaleni, ngemva kokuthola izindaba zezenzakalo izinguquko, wayefuna nje ukubalinda ukuze abuyele eRussia, kodwa kwakungasadingeki akwenze lokhu. Ngo-February 7, 1918, wagibela umkhumbi eChristiania nabafundi bakhe, futhi ngemva kwezinsuku ezingu-10 lo mdlali oneminyaka engu-73 ubudala wafika eNew York. Ukuba khona eMelika kwenani elikhulu labafundi bakhe baseSt. Petersburg kwanikeza u-Auer ukuthutheleka okusheshayo kwabafundi abasha. Wangena wangena emsebenzini, okwathi njengenjwayelo, wamgwinya.
Isikhathi sempilo ka-Auer saseMelika asizange silethe imiphumela emihle yokufundisa kumdlali we-violin ophawulekayo, kodwa wayethela ngoba kwakungalesi sikhathi lapho u-Auer efingqa imisebenzi yakhe, wabhala izincwadi eziningi: Phakathi Kwabaculi, Isikole Sami Sokudlala I-Violin , I-Violin Masterpieces kanye nencazelo yayo", "Isikole esiqhubekayo sokudlala i-violin", "Isifundo sokudlala ku-ensemble" ezincwadini zokubhalela ezingu-4. Umuntu angamangala ukuthi kungakanani le ndoda eyakwenza ekuqaleni kweshumi lesikhombisa nelesishiyagalombili lokuphila kwayo!
Ngamaqiniso emvelo yomuntu siqu ahlobene nesikhathi sokugcina sokuphila kwakhe, kubalulekile ukuqaphela umshado wakhe nomdlali wepiyano u-Wanda Bogutka Stein. Uthando lwabo lwaqala eRussia. UWanda wahamba no-Auer baya e-United States futhi, ngokuvumelana nemithetho yaseMelika engawuqapheli umshado womphakathi, inyunyana yabo yenziwa ngokomthetho ngo-1924.
Kuze kube sekupheleni kwezinsuku zakhe, u-Auer wagcina ubungqabavu obumangalisayo, ukusebenza kahle, namandla. Ukufa kwakhe kwamangaza wonke umuntu. Njalo ehlobo wayeya eLoschwitz, eduze kwaseDresden. Ngobunye ubusuku, ephumela kuvulandi egqoke isudi elula, wangenwa umkhuhlane futhi wabulawa inyumoniya ezinsukwini ezimbalwa kamuva. Lokhu kwenzeka ngoJulayi 15, 1930.
Izidumbu zika-Auer ezisebhokisini likathayela zayiswa e-United States. Isiko lokugcina lomngcwabo senzeka eSontweni Lobu-Orthodox eNew York. Ngemva kwenkonzo yesikhumbuzo, u-Jascha Heifetz wenza i-Schubert's Ave, Maria, kanye no-I. U-Hoffmann wenza ingxenye ye-Moonlight Sonata ka-Beethoven. Ibhokisi elinesidumbu sika-Auer beliphelezelwa isixuku sezinkulungwane zabantu, phakathi kwabo bekukhona nabaculi abaningi.
Inkumbulo ka-Auer ihlala ezinhliziyweni zabafundi bakhe, abagcina amasiko amakhulu obuciko bangempela baseRussia bekhulu lesi-XNUMX, obuthole ukubonakaliswa okujulile emsebenzini wokufundisa nowokufundisa wothisha wabo omangalisayo.
L. Raaben
