I-Timpani: incazelo yensimbi, ukwakheka, umlando, umsindo, indlela yokudlala

I-Timpani ingeyesigaba sezinsimbi zomculo ezavela ezikhathini zasendulo, kodwa azikakalahlekelwa ukuhambisana kwazo kuze kube manje: umsindo wazo ungahluka kangangokuthi abaculi, kusukela ku-classics kuya ku-jazzmen, basebenzise umklamo ngenkuthalo, benza imisebenzi yezinhlobo ezihlukahlukene.

Yini i-timpani

I-timpani iyinsimbi eshaywayo enephimbo elithile. Iqukethe izitsha eziningana (imvamisa kusuka ku-2 kuya ku-7), okufana nama-boilers asesimweni. Izinto zokwakha ziyinsimbi (kaningi - ithusi, kancane kancane - isiliva, i-aluminium). Ingxenye iphendukele kumculi (phezulu), ipulasitiki noma embozwe ngesikhumba, amanye amamodeli afakwe imbobo ye-resonator ngezansi.

Umsindo ukhishwa ngezinti ezikhethekile ezinethiphu eliyindilinga. Izinto okwenziwa ngazo izinti zithinta ukuphakama, ukugcwala, nokujula komsindo.

Ububanzi bazo zonke izinhlobo ezikhona ze-timpani (ezinkulu, eziphakathi, ezincane) cishe zilingana ne-octave.

Idivayisi

Ingxenye eyinhloko yensimbi ikesi lensimbi elinamandla. Ububanzi bayo, kuye ngokuthi imodeli, ezihlukahlukene 30-80 cm. Uma usayizi womzimba omncane, umsindo we-timpani uyanda.

Imininingwane ebalulekile i-membrane ehambisana nesakhiwo esivela phezulu. Iphethwe yihuphu ehlanganiswe ngezikulufo. Izikrini zingaqiniswa ngokuqinile noma zithukululwe - i-timbre, ukuphakama kwemisindo ekhishiwe kuncike kulokhu.

Ukuma komzimba nakho kuthinta umsindo: i-hemispherical yenza insimbi izwakale kakhulu, i-parabolic iyenza ivaleke.

Ububi bamamodeli ane-screw mechanism ukungakwazi ukuguqula isilungiselelo ngesikhathi sokudlala.

Imiklamo efakwe ama-pedals ithandwa kakhulu. Umshini okhethekile ikuvumela ukuthi ushintshe ukulungiselelwa nganoma yisiphi isikhathi, futhi unamandla okukhiqiza umsindo athuthukile.

Ukwengeza okubalulekile kumklamo oyinhloko yizinti. Ngabo, umculi ushaya ulwelwesi, ethola umsindo oyifunayo. Izinti zenziwe ngezinto ezihlukahlukene, okukhethwa kukho okuthinta umsindo (izinketho ezivamile umhlanga, insimbi, izinkuni).

Umlando

I-Timpani ibhekwa njengenye yezinsimbi zomculo ezindala kunazo zonke emhlabeni, umlando wabo uqala kudala ngaphambi kokufika kwenkathi yethu. Olunye uhlobo lwezigubhu ezimise okwe-cauldron lwalusetshenziswa amaGreki asendulo - imisindo ephezulu yayisetshenziselwa ukwesabisa isitha ngaphambi kwempi. Abameleli baseMesophothamiya babenamathuluzi afanayo.

Izigubhu zempi zavakashela eYurophu ngekhulu lesi-XNUMX. Ngokunokwenzeka, balethwa amaqhawe enkolo evela eMpumalanga. Ekuqaleni, ilukuluku lalisetshenziselwa izinjongo zempi: impi ye-timpani yayilawula izenzo zabagibeli bamahhashi.

Ngekhulu lesi-XNUMX, leli thuluzi lalibukeka licishe lifane namamodeli esimanje. Ngekhulu le-XVII wethulwa kuma-orchestra enza imisebenzi yakudala. Abaqambi abadumile (J. Bach, R. Strauss, G. Berlioz, L. Beethoven) babhala izingxenye ze-timpani.

Ngokulandelayo, ithuluzi layeka ukuba yimpahla yakudala kuphela. Idumile phakathi kwabaculi be-pop, esetshenziswa abaculi be-neo-folk jazz.

I-Timpani yokudlala indlela

Umdlali ungaphansi kwamaqhinga ambalwa kuphela e-Play:

• Amahithi awodwa. Indlela evamile evumela ukuthi usebenzise ireli eyodwa noma ngaphezulu ngesikhathi esisodwa. Ngamandla omthelela, imvamisa yokuthinta ulwelwesi, isithandi somculo sikhipha imisindo yanoma yikuphi ukuphakama okutholakalayo, i-timbre, ivolumu.
• I-Tremolo. Kucatshangwa ukuthi i-timpani eyodwa noma ezimbili. Ukwamukela kuqukethe ukukhiqizwa kabusha okusheshayo komsindo owodwa, imisindo emibili ehlukene, ongwaqa.
• Glissando. Umphumela ofanayo womculo ungafinyelelwa ngokudlala umculo ensimbini efakwe indlela yokunyathela. Ngayo, kukhona ukuguquguquka okushelelayo kusuka kumsindo kuya komsindo.

Abadlali be-timpani abavelele

Phakathi kwabaculi abadlala kahle i-timpani, kukhona ikakhulukazi abaseYurophu:

• Siegfried Fink, uthisha, umqambi (eJalimane);
• Anatoly Ivanov, umqhubi, percussionist, uthisha (Russia);
• UJames Blades, umculi we-percussionist, umbhali wezincwadi zezinsimbi ezishaywayo (UK);
• Eduard Galoyan, uthisha, umculi we-symphony orchestra (USSR);
• UVictor Grishin, umqambi, uprofesa, umbhali wemisebenzi yesayensi (Russia).