I-Václav Smetáček |

I-Václav Smetacek

Imisebenzi ka-Vaclav Smetacek ixhumene kakhulu nokuduma kwe-orchestra ye-symphony ehamba phambili e-Czechoslovakia - i-Symphony Orchestra yeDolobha Eliyinhloko lasePrague, njengoba ibizwa kanjalo ngokusemthethweni. Le orchestra yasungulwa ngo-1934, futhi uSmetachek wayihola phakathi neminyaka enzima yempi. Eqinisweni, umqhubi kanye nethimba bakhula futhi bathuthukisa amakhono abo ndawonye, ​​​​emsebenzini onzima wansuku zonke.

Nokho, uSmetachek weza ku-orchestra kakade enokuqeqeshwa okujulile nokuphelele. EPrague Conservatory wafundela ukuqamba, edlala i-oboe futhi eqhuba no-P. Dedechek noM. Dolezhal (1928-1930). Ngesikhathi esifanayo, Smetachek walalela izinkulumo zefilosofi, aesthetics kanye musicology e-Charles University. Khona-ke umqhubi wesikhathi esizayo wasebenza iminyaka eminingana njenge-oboist e-Czech Philharmonic Orchestra, lapho afunda khona okuningi, enza ngaphansi kokuqondisa kuka-V. Talich. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kusukela ezinsukwini zakhe zomfundi, wayeyilungu kanye nomphefumulo wama-ensembles amaningi e-chamber, kuhlanganise ne-Prague Brass Quintet, eyasungulwa ngu-Smetacek futhi yaqondisa kwaze kwaba ngu-1956.

U-Smetachek waqala umsebenzi wakhe wokuqhuba ngenkathi esebenza emsakazweni, lapho ayeqale khona unobhala womnyango womculo, wabe eseba inhloko yomnyango wokuqopha umsindo. Lapha waqhuba ama-orchestra okokuqala, wenza ukuqoshwa kwakhe kokuqala kumarekhodi futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo wayengumqondisi wekwaya wekhwaya edumile yasePrague Verb. Ngakho-ke, ukusebenza ne-Symphony Orchestra yeDolobha Eliyinhloko lasePrague akuzange kubangele ubunzima bezobuchwepheshe ku-Smetachek: kwakukhona zonke izimfuneko zokuthi akhule abe omunye wezibalo ezinkulu zobuciko be-Czech ngemuva kokukhululwa kwezwe.

Futhi kwenzeka. Namuhla amaPraguers ayamazi futhi ayamthanda uSmetachek, abalaleli bawo wonke amanye amadolobha aseCzechoslovakia bajwayelene nobuciko bakhe, washayelwa ihlombe eRomania nase-Italy, eFrance naseHungary, eYugoslavia nasePoland, eSwitzerland naseNgilandi. Futhi hhayi kuphela njengomqhubi we-symphony. Isibonelo, abathandi bomculo e-Iceland encane bezwa okokuqala ingoma kaSmetana ethi “The Bartered Bride” ngaphansi kokuqondisa kwakhe. Ngo-1961-1963 umqhubi wenziwa ngempumelelo emadolobheni ahlukahlukene ase-USSR. Ngokuvamile ukuvakasha kukaSmetachek neqembu lakhe, okuthi, ngokufanisa neVienna Symphony Orchestra, ngokungafani nePrague Philharmonic, ebizwa nangokuthi "iPrague Symphonies".

U-Smetachek ungumnikazi mhlawumbe inani elikhulu kunawo wonke lamarekhodi phakathi kozakwabo baseCzechoslovakia - angaphezu kwamakhulu amathathu. Futhi abaningi babo bathole imiklomelo ephezulu yamazwe ngamazwe.

USmetachek akagcinanga nje ngokukhulisa futhi waletha i-orchestra yakhe phakathi kwama-ensembles angcono kakhulu eYurophu, wayenza ilabhorethri yangempela yomculo wesimanje waseCzechoslovak. Ekusebenzeni kwakhe iminyaka engaphezu kwamashumi amabili, yonke into entsha edalwe ngabaculi baseCzechoslovakia ibilokhu izwakala; U-Smetachek wenze ama-premiere emisebenzi eminingi ka-B. Martinu, I. Krejci, J. Capra, I. Power, E. Suson, D. Kardos, V. Summer, J. Cikker nabanye ababhali.

U-Václav Smetáček uphinde wavuselela imisebenzi eminingi yomculo wakudala wesi-Czech esiteji sekhonsathi, futhi waba ngumdlali osezingeni eliphezulu wemisebenzi yesikhumbuzo ye-oratorio-cantata yezingasoze zabuna kazwelonke nezomhlaba.

L. Grigoriev, J. Platek, ngo-1969