Avlos: kuyini, umlando insimbi yomculo, izinganekwane

AmaGreki asendulo anikeza umhlaba amanani amasiko aphezulu kakhulu. Esikhathini eside ngaphambi kokufika kwenkathi yethu, kwaqanjwa izinkondlo ezimnandi, ama-odes, nezingoma zomculo. Ngisho nangaleso sikhathi, amaGreki ayenazo izinsimbi zomculo ezihlukahlukene. Omunye wabo ngu-Avlos.

Yini i-avlos

Izinto zobuciko ezingokomlando ezitholakala lapho kumbiwa ziye zasiza ososayensi banamuhla ukuba bathole umbono wokuthi i-aulos yasendulo yamaGreki, insimbi yomculo evunguzayo, yayibukeka kanjani. Yayinemitshingo emibili. Kunobufakazi bokuthi kungaba yishubhu eyodwa.

Izitsha zobumba, izingcezwana, izingcezwana zamavazi anezithombe zabaculi zatholakala ezindaweni ezaziyiGreece, e-Asia Minor naseRoma. Amashubhu abhojwa kusuka ezimbotsheni ezi-3 kuye kwezi-5. Okungavamile komunye umtshingo umsindo ophezulu futhi omfushane kunomunye.

U-Avlos ungumsunguli we-oboe yesimanje. EGreece yasendulo, ama-getter ayefundiswa ukuyidlala. I-Avletics yayibhekwa njengophawu lwemizwa, i-eroticism.

Umlando wensimbi yomculo

Ososayensi basaphikisana ngomlando wokuvela kwe-aulos. Ngokusho kwenye inguqulo, yasungulwa amaThracians. Kodwa ulimi lwesiThracian lulahlekile kangangokuthi akunakwenzeka ukulufunda, ukucacisa amakhophi angavamile okubhala. Okunye kufakazela ukuthi amaGreki ayiboleka kubaculi base-Asia Minor. Futhi nokho, ubufakazi obudala kakhulu bokuba khona kwethuluzi, kusukela ekhulwini lama-29-28 BC, batholakala edolobheni laseSumeriya lase-Uri nasemibhoshongweni yaseGibhithe. Ngemva kwalokho basakaza kulo lonke elaseMedithera.

KumaGreki asendulo, kwakuyithuluzi elibalulekile lokuhambisana nomculo emikhosini yomngcwabo, emikhosini, emidlalweni yaseshashalazini, imibuthano evusa inkanuko. Ifinyelele ezinsukwini zethu ngendlela eyakhiwe kabusha. Emadolobheni aseNhlonhlweni YaseBalkan, abantu bendawo badlala ama-aulos, amaqembu esintu nawo ayisebenzisa emakhonsathini omculo kazwelonke.

Izinganekwane

Ngokusho kwenye yezinganekwane, ukudalwa kwe-aulos kungokankulunkulukazi u-Athena. Eneliseke ngokusungula kwakhe, wabonisa uMdlalo, ephumisa izihlathi ngendlela ehlekisayo. Abantu abazungezile bahleka unkulunkulukazi. Wathukuthela wayilahla le nto esunguliwe. Umalusi uMarsyas wamlanda, wakwazi ukudlala ngobuchule kangangokuthi waphonsela inselelo u-Apollo, owayedume ngokuba ingcweti yokudlala i-cithara. U-Apollo usethe izimo ezingenakwenzeka zokudlala ama-aulos - ukucula nokwenza umculo ngesikhathi esifanayo. UMarsyas walahlekelwa futhi wabulawa.

Indaba yento enomsindo omuhle ixoxwa ezinganekwaneni ezihlukahlukene, emisebenzini yabalobi basendulo. Umsindo wayo uhlukile, i-polyphony iyajabulisa. Emculweni wesimanje, azikho izinsimbi zomsindo ofanayo, ngokwezinga elithile abantu basendulo bakwazi ukudlulisa amasiko endalo yawo, futhi inzalo yawagcinela izizukulwane ezizayo.