Umsebenzi wepiyano kaBalakirev

U-Balakirev ungomunye wabameleli be-"Mighty Handful," umphakathi womculo owahlanganisa abantu abanamakhono kakhulu nabathuthukayo besikhathi sabo. Umnikelo kaBalakirev nabangane bakhe ekuthuthukiseni umculo waseRussia awunakuphikwa; amasiko amaningi namasu okuqamba nokusebenza aqhubeka ethuthukiswa emsebenzini womthala womqambi wasekupheleni kwekhulu le-19.

URoyal ungumlingani othembekile

UMily Alekseevich Balakirev - umqambi waseRussia nomdlali wopiyano

U-Mily Balakirev ngezindlela eziningi waba umlandeli wamasiko kaLiszt emsebenzini wepiyano. I-Contemporaries iphawule indlela yakhe emangalisayo yokudlala upiyano kanye nokudlala upiyano kwakhe okuhle, okwakuhlanganisa indlela ye-virtuoso kanye nokuqonda okujulile kwencazelo yalokho okudlalwayo kanye nesitayela. Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi eziningi zemisebenzi yakhe yakamuva yopiyano ziye zalahleka othulini emakhulwini eminyaka, yileli thuluzi elamvumela ukuba azenzele igama ekuqaleni komsebenzi wakhe wokudala.

Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthi umqambi nomculi kusenesikhathi ukuthi bathole ithuba lokukhombisa ithalente labo futhi bathole izethameli zabo. Endabeni kaBalakirev, isinyathelo sokuqala kwakuwukwenza ikhonsathi yepiyano e-F ebukhali encane esiteji senyuvesi eSt. Lokhu okuhlangenwe nakho kwamvumela ukuba abe khona ngezikhathi zakusihlwa zobuciko futhi kwavula indlela emphakathini wezwe.

Uhlolojikelele lwamagugu epiyano

Umsebenzi wepiyano kaBalakirev ungahlukaniswa izigaba ezimbili: izingcezu zekhonsathi ye-virtuoso kanye nezithombe ezincane ze-salon. Imidlalo ye-virtuoso ka-Balakirev, okokuqala, ukuguqulwa kwezindikimba ezivela emisebenzini yabaqambi baseRussia nabangaphandle, noma ukuthuthukiswa kwezindikimba zomdabu. Usiba lwakhe luhlanganisa ukujwayela kwekaGlinka ethi “Aragonese Jota”, “Black Sea March” yakhe, iCavatina evela kuquartet kaBeethoven, kanye “nengoma kaGlinka” eyaziwayo ethi “Ingoma YeLark”. Lezi zingcezu zithole ubizo lomphakathi; basebenzise ukunotha kwephalethi yepiyano ngamandla abo agcwele, futhi babegcwele amasu obuchwepheshe ayinkimbinkimbi anezela ukukhanya nomuzwa wesasasa ekusebenzeni.

Amalungiselelo ekhonsathi yezandla zepiyano ezi-4 nawo anentshisekelo yocwaningo, lezi “Prince Kholmsky”, “Kamarinskaya”, “Aragonese Jota”, “Night in Madrid” kaGlinka, izingoma zomdabu zaseRussia ezingama-30, iSuite ezingxenyeni ezi-3, umdlalo othi “On iVolga".

Izici zokusungula

Mhlawumbe isici esiyisisekelo somsebenzi kaBalakirev singabhekwa njengesithakazelo ezindikimbeni zomdabu kanye nezingqikithi zezwe. Umqambi akagcinanga nje ngokujwayelana kahle nezingoma nemidanso yesiRashiya, wabe esehlanganisa izingqikithi zabo emsebenzini wakhe, waletha nezindikimba ezivela kwezinye izizwe ohambweni lwakhe. Wayethanda kakhulu umculo we-Circassian, Tatar, abantu baseGeorgia, kanye nokunambitheka kwasempumalanga. Lo mkhuba awuzange udlule umsebenzi wepiyano kaBalakirev.

"I-Islamey"

Umsebenzi kaBalakirev owaziwa kakhulu futhi osawenza wepiyano yifantasy "Islamey". Yabhalwa ngo-1869 futhi yenziwa ngesikhathi esifanayo ngumbhali. Lo mdlalo ube yimpumelelo hhayi ekhaya kuphela, kodwa naphesheya. UFranz Liszt wayazise kakhulu, wayenza emakhonsathini futhi eyethula kubafundi bakhe abaningi.

I-“Islamey” iwucezu olusebenzayo, olusekelwe ezindikimbeni ezimbili ezihlukene. Umsebenzi uqala ngomugqa wezwi elilodwa, onendikimba yomdanso we-Kabardian. Isigqi sawo esinamandla sinikeza ukunwebeka nomuzwa wokuthuthuka okuqhubekayo kwezinto zomculo. Kancane kancane ukuthungwa kuba nzima kakhulu, kuhlanganiswe ngamanothi aphindwe kabili, ama-chords, namasu e-martellato.

Ngemva kokufinyelela umvuthwandaba, ngemva kokuguqulwa kokuguquguquka kwenkondlo, umqambi unikeza ingqikithi ezolile yasempumalanga, ayizwa kummeleli wabantu baseTatar. Imimoya yomculo, ehlotshiswe ngokuhlobisa kanye nokuvumelana okuhambisanayo.

Kancane kancane ifinyelela esicongweni, umuzwa we-lyrical unqamula ukunyakaza okucindezelayo kwetimu yokuqala. Umculo uhamba ngokushintshashintsha okukhulayo kanye nobunkimbinkimbi bokuthungwa, ufinyelela i-apotheosis yawo ekupheleni kocezu.

Imisebenzi eyaziwa kancane

Phakathi kwefa lepiyano lomqambi, kufanelekile ukuphawula i-piano sonata yakhe ku-B-flat minor, eyabhalwa ngo-1905. Iqukethe izingxenye ezingu-4; phakathi kwezici ze-Balakirev, kufanelekile ukuphawula isigqi se-mazurka engxenyeni 2, ukuba khona kwe-virtuoso cadenzas, kanye nomlingiswa womdanso wesiphetho.

Ingxenye eshaqisayo yefa lakhe lepiyano iqukethe izingcezu ze-salon zamuva, okuhlanganisa ama-waltzes, ama-mazurkas, ama-polkas, nezingcezu zamagama (“Dumka”, “Ingoma Ye-Gondolier”, “Engadini”). Abazange basho igama elisha kwezobuciko, bephindaphinda kuphela amasu okuqamba athandwayo omlobi - ukuthuthukiswa okuguquguqukayo, umculo wezingqikithi, ukuphenduka kwe-harmonic okusetshenziswe izikhathi ezingaphezu kwesisodwa.

Umsebenzi wepiyano kaBalakirev ufanelwe ukunakwa ochwepheshe bomculo, njengoba ufaka uphawu lwenkathi. Abadlali bangathola amakhasi omculo we-virtuoso azobasiza bakwazi ubuciko bobuchule kuphiyano.