Boston Symphony Orchestra |

I-Boston Symphony Orchestra

Elinye lama-orchestra amadala e-symphony e-United States. Yasungulwa ngo-1881 ngu-patron G. Lee Higginson. I-orchestra yayihlanganisa abaculi abaqeqeshiwe abavela e-Austria naseJalimane (ekuqaleni ababengabaculi abangu-60, kamuva kwaba yi-100). Ikhonsathi yokuqala ye-Boston Symphony Orchestra ngaphansi kokuqondisa komqhubi u-G. Henschel yenzeka ngo-1881 e-Boston Music Hall. Ekupheleni kwekhulu le-19 I-Boston Symphony Orchestra yayiholwa abaqhubi abalandelayo: V. Guericke (1884-89; 1898-1906), A. Nikish (1889-93), E. Paur (1893-98). Kusukela ngo-1900, i-orchestra ibilokhu icula eHholo le-Symphony. Okubaluleke kakhulu ekuthuthukisweni kwamakhono okwenza i-Boston Symphony Orchestra kwakuwumsebenzi ka-K. Mook, owahola iqembu ngo-1906-18 (ngekhefu; ngo-1908-12 umqondisi womculo uM. Fidler). Ngemva kokushona kuka-Higginson, owayexhasa ngezimali imisebenzi ye-orchestra, kwasungulwa iBhodi Labaphathiswa. Ngesizini ka-1918-19, iBoston Symphony Orchestra yadlala ngaphansi kwengalo. A. Rabo, esikhundleni sakhe kwathathwa uP. Monteux (1919-24), owagcwalisa kabusha ingoma ye-orchestra ikakhulukazi ngemisebenzi yomculo wesimanje wesiFulentshi.

Udumo lwe-Boston Symphony Orchestra luhlotshaniswa no-SA Koussevitsky, owalihola iminyaka engu-25 (1924-49). Wagunyaza izici zesici sesitayela sokudlala se-orchestra, wethula imisebenzi eminingi yomculo waseRussia ku-repertoire. (I-Boston Symphony Orchestra ingomunye wabahumushi bokuqala bomsebenzi ka-PI Tchaikovsky e-USA). Ngokuqalisa kuka-Koussevitzky, iBoston Symphony Orchestra okokuqala ngqa yenza inqwaba yemisebenzi yabaqambi besikhathi samanje - SS Prokofiev, A. Honegger, P. Hindemith, IF Stravinsky, B. Bartok, DD Shostakovich, kanye nababhali baseMelika - A. Copland, W. Piston, W. Shumen nabanye. UKoussevitzky uhlele i-Berkshire Festival yamasonto ayisithupha e-Tanglewood (Massachusetts), lapho i-Boston Symphony Orchestra yayidlala khona. Ngo-1949-62 i-orchestra yayiqondiswa ngu-S. Munsch, esikhundleni sakhe kwathathwa u-E. Leinsdorf (kusukela ngo-1962). Kusukela ngo-1969, iBoston Symphony Orchestra ibiholwa nguW. Steinberg. Abaqhubi abakhulu bamazwe ahlukene - E. Ansermet, B. Walter, G. Wood, A. Casella nabanye, kanye nabaqambi - AK Glazunov, V. d'Andy, R. Strauss, D. Milhaud , O. Respighi , M. Ravel, SS Prokofiev nabanye.

Isizini yeBoston Symphony Orchestra iqala ngo-Okthoba kuya maphakathi no-Agasti unyaka ngamunye futhi ihlanganisa amakhonsathi angaphezu kuka-70. Njalo (kusukela ngo-1900) amakhonsathi omphakathi asehlobo abanjwa, okuthiwa. I-Boston Pops, equkethe cishe. Abaculi abangu-50 be-orchestra (kusukela ngo-1930 u-A. Fidler waqondisa lezi zinhlelo ezithandwayo). I-Boston Symphony Orchestra iphinde ibe nochungechunge lwamakhonsathi emadolobheni amakhulu ase-US, futhi ivakashele phesheya kusukela ngo-1952 (e-USSR ngo-1956).

MM Yakovlev

Abaqondisi bomculo be-orchestra:

1881-1884 – George Henschel 1884-1889 – Wilhelm Guericke 1889-1893 – Arthur Nikisch 1893-1898 – Emil Paur 1898-1906 – Wilhelm Guericke 1906-1908-1908-1912 – 1912 Max-1918 Karl-1918 – 1919 Karl-1919 – 1924 Karl-1924 – 1949 Karl-1949 – 196 – 1962-1969 1969 - Henri Rabaud 1972-1973 - Pierre Monteux 2002-2004 - Sergei Koussevitzky 2011-2014 - Charles Munch XNUMX-XNUMX - Erich Leinsdorf XNUMX-XNUMX - William Steiji XNUMX - XNUMX Levis-XNUMX Leviris XNUMX - Nelson Nelson Levis XNUMX