Indlela yokukhetha i-bagpipe

Umbhobho iyinsimbi yomculo yendabuko yabantu abaningi baseYurophu. EScotland iyithuluzi eliyinhloko lesizwe. Isikhwama, esivame ukwakhiwa ngesikhumba senkomo (yingakho igama), isikhumba sethole noma sembuzi, sikhishwe ngokuphelele, siyisikhumba sewayini, esithungwe saqina futhi sifakwe ishubhu ngaphezulu ukuze sigcwaliswe. fur enomoya, enepayipi elilodwa, amabili noma amathathu adlala umhlanga anamathiselwe kusuka ngezansi, asebenza ukudala i-polyphony.

Kulesi sihloko, ochwepheshe besitolo "Umfundi" bazokutshela kanjani ukukhetha bagpipes okudingayo, futhi ungakhokhi ngokweqile ngesikhathi esifanayo.

Idivayisi ye-Bagpipe

1. Umhlanga we-Bagpipe
2. Isikhwama
3. Isikhungo somoya
4. I-Bass tube
5, 6. Umhlanga we-Tenor

duck

Noma ngabe ibukeka kanjani i-bagpipe, isebenzisa kuphela izinhlobo ezimbili zomhlanga . Ake sibhekisise lezi zinhlobo ezimbili:

1. Ukubuka kokuqala– induku eyodwa, engabuye ibizwe ngokuthi induku ebukhali noma yolimi olulodwa. Izibonelo zamapayipi anomhlanga owodwa: i-Swedish sakpipa, i-Belarusian duda, i-Bulgarian guide. Lo mhlanga umise okwesilinda esivalwe ngakolunye uhlangothi. Ehlangothini lohlangothi lomhlanga kukhona ulimi noma, njengoba lubizwa nangokuthi ochwepheshe, isici esizwakalayo. Ulimi lungenziwa ngokwehlukana nomhlanga bese luboshelwa kulo. Ngezinye izikhathi ulimi luyingxenye yalo lonke ithuluzi futhi luyingxenye encane yento ehlukanisiwe nomhlanga ngokwawo. Lapho udlala i-bagpipe, umhlanga uyavevezela, ngaleyo ndlela udale ukudlidliza komsindo. Yile ndlela umsindo okhiqizwa ngayo. Ayikho into eyodwa okwenziwa ngayo izinduku eyodwa. Kungaba - umhlanga, umhlanga, ipulasitiki, ithusi, ithusi ngisho nendala noqalo. Izinhlobonhlobo ezinjalo zezinto zabangela izinduku ezihlanganisiwe. Ngokwesibonelo, umzimba wenduku ungase wenziwe ngoqalo, kanti ulimi lungase lwenziwe ngepulasitiki. Kulula ukwenza izinti ezilodwa. Uma ufisa, zingenziwa ekhaya. Ama-bagpipe anethubhu elinjalo ahlukaniswa ngomsindo othulile futhi othambile. Amanothi aphezulu anomsindo kunawaphansi.
   

   I-Swedish sakpipa

2. yesibili buka– induku ebhanqiwe, nayo engaba kabili noma izindwani kabili. Izibonelo zamapayipi anezinhlanga ezimbili: i-gaita gallega, i-GHB, ipayipi elincane, ipayipi le-uillean. Kusukela egameni ngokwalo kuyacaca ukuthi induku enjalo kufanele ibe nezingxenye ezimbili. Ngempela, izingcwecwe zomhlanga ezimbili eziboshwe ndawonye. Lezi zingcwecwe zifakwe ephinini futhi zilolwe ngendlela ethile. Awekho amapharamitha acacile wokuma kwezinduku noma indlela alola ngayo. Lezi zimiso ziyahlukahluka kuye ngokuthi ungubani kanye nohlobo lwe-bagpipe. Uma izinti ezilodwa zingenziwa ngenani elikhulu lezinto ezibonakalayo, khona-ke izinti ezibhanqiwe zingenangqondo kakhulu kulokhu. Kusetshenziswa isethi elinganiselwe yezinto zokwakha: I-Arundo Donax reed nezinye izinhlobo zamapulasitiki. Kwesinye isikhathi kusetshenziswa amabele omshanelo. Emobeni ebhanqiwe, ukunyakaza kwe-oscillatory kwenziwa "izipontshi" zomoba ngokwawo, zinyakaza ngenxa yomoya odlula phakathi kwazo. Amapayipi ezikhwama anomhlanga okabili azwakala kakhulu kunamapayipi omhlanga owodwa.

Gaita gallega

Wood kuyinto ethambile kakhulu. Kumelwe kucatshangelwe ukuthi isihlahla ngasinye sinikeza izithunzi ezithile kumsindo. Lokhu, yebo, kuhle, kodwa kukhona izingibe. I Iqiniso ukuthi isihlahla sidinga ukuphathwa ngokucophelela nokunakekelwa njalo kumculi. Khumbula ukuthi njengoba kungekho abantu ababili abafanayo, awekho amathuluzi afana ncamashi. Ngisho nezinsimbi ezimbili ezifanayo ezenziwe ngokhuni olufanayo zizozwakala zihluke kancane. Ukhuni, njenganoma iyiphi impahla yemvelo, luntekenteke kakhulu. Ingase iqhekeke, iqhume, noma igobe.

Izikebhe zepulasitiki  akudingi ukunakekelwa ngokucophelela. Izinsimbi zepulasitiki zingafana, yingakho ipulasitiki ivame ukusetshenziswa kakhulu ama-orchestra e-bagpipe ukuze izinsimbi zikhala ngendlela efanayo futhi zingagqami ohlwini lomculo olujwayelekile. Nokho, akukho nowodwa umbhobho wepulasitiki ongaqhathaniswa nokunotha kwamathunzi omsindo nensimbi eyenziwe ngokhuni oluhle.

isikhwama

Njengamanje, zonke izinto ezenziwe ngazo izikhwama zingahlukaniswa zibe zemvelo futhi Isakhi . I-synthetic: i-leatherette, irabha, indwangu yesibhengezo, i-gore-tex. Inzuzo yezikhwama ezenziwe ngezinto zokwenziwa ukuthi zingenawo umoya futhi azidingi ukunakekelwa okwengeziwe. Okukhulu ukungasebenzi kahle kwe-synthetics (ngaphandle kwendwangu ye-membrane ye-Gortex) ukuthi izikhwama ezinjalo azivumeli umswakama uphume. Lokhu kunomthelela omubi emhlangeni nasezinxenyeni zokhuni zensimbi. Izikhwama ezinjalo kufanele zomiswe ngemva komdlalo. Izikhwama ze-Gortex zinqatshelwe lokhu kungalungile. Indwangu yesikhwama igcina kahle ingcindezi, kodwa idedela umhwamuko wamanzi.

Izinto zemvelo izikhwama zenziwe ngesikhumba sesilwane noma esinyeni. Izikhwama ezinjalo, ngokombono wamapayipi amaningi, zikuvumela ukuba uzizwe kangcono ithuluzi, kodwa ngesikhathi esifanayo, lezi zikhwama zidinga ukunakekelwa okwengeziwe. Ngokwesibonelo, impregnation nge compounds ezikhethekile ukuze kugcinwe tightness futhi uvimbele ukomiswa kwesikhumba. Futhi, lezi zikhwama zidinga zomiswe ngemva komdlalo.

Okwamanje, kuhlanganisiwe izikhwama ezimbili-ungqimba (I-Gortex ngaphakathi, isikhumba ngaphandle) ivele emakethe. Lezi zikhwama zihlanganisa izinzuzo zezikhwama zokwenziwa nezemvelo, azikho ezinye izinto ezimbi, futhi azidingi ukunakekelwa okukhethekile. Ngeshwa, izikhwama ezinjalo zivamile kuze kube manje kuphela i-Great Scottish bagpipe.

Usayizi wesikhwama se-bagpipe ingaba kabili - enkulu noma encane. Ngakho-ke, i-zampogna ye-bagpipe yase-Italy inesikhwama esikhulu, kanti ipayipi lesinye linesincane. Ubukhulu besikhwama buncike kakhulu kumphathi. Wonke umuntu ukwenza ngokubona kwakhe. Ngisho nenhlobonhlobo eyodwa yamapayipi, isikhwama singahluka. Okuhlukile i-bagpipe yase-Scottish, osayizi bayo bezikhwama basezingeni. Ungakhetha isikhwama esincane, esiphakathi noma esikhulu ngokusekelwe ekuphakameni kwakho nokwakha. Kodwa-ke, akuyona njalo idatha ebonakalayo engadlala indima ebalulekile ekukhetheni usayizi wesikhwama. Ukuze ukhethe isikhwama "sakho", udinga ukudlala insimbi, "zama" kuso. Uma insimbi ingakwenzi ungakhululekile, okungukuthi, awunciki ohlangothini, izandla zakho zikhululekile, khona-ke ngithole umbhobho wakho .

Izinhlobonhlobo zamapayipi

I-bagpipe enkulu ye-Scottish (Great Highland Bagpipes, Piob-mhor)

I-bagpipe yase-Scottish idume kakhulu futhi edume kakhulu namuhla. Inama-bourdon amathathu (ama-bass kanye nama-tenor amabili), ingoma enezimbobo zokudlala ezingu-8 (amanothi angu-9) kanye neshubhu lokuphefumula umoya. Uhlelo lusuka ku-SI bimol, kodwa ngomculo we-notation, uhlelo lwe-Highland luqokwe njenge-A main (ukuze kube lula ukudlala nezinye izinsimbi eMelika, baze baqala ukukhiqiza izinguqulo zalawa ma-bagpipe ngo-A). Umsindo wensimbi uphezulu kakhulu. Isetshenziswa emabhendi ezempi aseScotland "Amabhendi ePipe"

I-bagpipe enkulu yaseScotland

I-bagpipe yase-Ireland (Amapayipi ase-Uillean)

Indlela yesimanje ye-bagpipe yase-Ireland ekugcineni yakhiwe ngasekupheleni kwekhulu leshumi nesishiyagalombili. Lena enye yamapayipi anzima kakhulu kuzo zonke izici. Inomhlanga ophindwe kabili one-a uhla ama-octave amabili. Uma kukhona ama-valve ku-chanter (izingcezu ezingu-5) - i-chromaticity egcwele. Umoya uphoqeleka ukuba ungene esikhwameni yixoxo (kuvela isethi Yokuzilolonga: isikhwama, i-chanter kanye nexoxo).
Ama-drone amathathu e-Uilleann Pipes ashuthekwa kumqoqi owodwa bese ashunwa ku-octave ehlobene nenye. Uma ivulwa nge-valve ekhethekile (ukhiye wokumisa), ikhipha umsindo ocinene omuhle kakhulu ocebile ngama-overtones. Ukhiye wokumisa (ukushintsha) kulula ukuvala noma ukuvula ama-drones ngesikhathi esifanele kugeyimu. Isethi enjalo ibizwa ngokuthi i-Halfset.
Kunezimbobo ezengeziwe ezimbili kumqoqi ngenhla kwama-drones, okuthi ngoHalf set avame ukuxhunywa ngamapulaki. Izilawuli ze-tenor ne-baritone zifakwe kuzo. Ukulawulwa kwe-bass kubekwe ngaphezulu ohlangothini lwe-manifold futhi kune-drain yayo.
Izilawuli zinenani eliphelele lama-valve angu-13 - 14, ngokuvamile avaliwe. Zizwakala kuphela uma umdlali ezicindezela ngenkathi edlala ngomphetho we-oni yizimpahla noma iminwe emoyeni opholile. Abalawuli babukeka njengama-drones, kodwa empeleni bangabaculi abathathu abaguquliwe abano-conical drilling kanye ne-double chanter reed. Wonke umhlangano wamathuluzi ubizwa nge-Fullset.
I-Uilleannpipes ihlukile ngokuthi umculi angakhipha imisindo efika ku-7 kuyo ngesikhathi esisodwa. Ngenxa yobunkimbinkimbi bayo, izingxenye eziningi kanye ne-aristocracy, inalo lonke ilungelo lokubizwa ngokuthi impumelelo enkulu yombono we-bagpipe.

I-bagpipe yase-Irish

I-Galician gaita (Gaita yaseGalician)

E-Galicia, cishe kunezinhlobo ezine zamapayipi. Kodwa iGaita yaseGalicia (Gaita Gallega) ithole udumo olukhulu, ngokuyinhloko ngenxa yezimfanelo zayo zomculo. I-octave eyodwa nengxenye uhla (inguquko iye kweyesibili octave kwenziwa ngokwandisa ingcindezi esikhwameni) kanye ne-chromaticity ecishe iphelele ye-chanter, ehlanganiswe ne-melodious and melodic. isitembu yensimbi, ikwenze kwaba omunye wemibhobho ethandwa kakhulu abaculi emhlabeni jikelele.
Leli thuluzi lalisakazeke kabanzi ngekhulu le-15 nele-16, isithakazelo kulo sashabalala, futhi ekhulwini le-19 laphinde lavuselelwa. Ekuqaleni kwekhulu lama-20 kwaba nokunye ukwehla kwaze kwaba ngu-1970.
Ukufakwa kweminwe kwensimbi kusikhumbuza kakhulu isirekhoda, kanye neminwe ye-Renaissance kanye nezinsimbi zenkathi ephakathi (shawl, krumhorn). Kukhona futhi iminwe endala (evaliwe) ebizwa ngokuthi "pechado", isiphambano phakathi kweminwe yesimanje ye-Gaita Gallega kanye ne-Gaita Asturiana. Manje ayisasetshenziswa.

Kunezinhlobo ezintathu eziyinhloko zamapayipi e-Gaita e-Galicia:

1. I-Tumbal gaita (Roucadora)
   I-gaita enkulu kunazo zonke futhi ephansi kakhulu isitembu , ukushuna okuyisicaba kwe-B, ukushuna kwe-chanter kunqunywa ngokuvala zonke izimbobo zeminwe ngaphandle kweyangaphansi yomunwe omncane.
   Kukhona ama-drones amabili - i-octave neyesihlanu.
2. I-Gaita Normal (Redonda)
   Lena i-bagpipe emaphakathi futhi evame kakhulu. Isikhathi esiningi iba ne-bass octave drone eyodwa, kancane kancane ama-drones amabili ( the I-tenor yesibili cishe ihlale iku-octave noma inamandla).
   Kunezimo ezinama-drones bass amane, i-baritone, i-tenor, i-sopranino.
   Yakha.
3. U-Gaita Grileira (Grillera)
   Okuncane kakhulu, okuhle kakhulu futhi okuphezulu kakhulu isitembu (ngokwesiko yayine-bass drone eyodwa nge-octave ngayinye). Yakha Re.

IsiGalicia

I-Belarusian Duda

I-Duda iyinsimbi yomculo yomhlanga womoya. Kuyisikhwama sesikhumba esineshubhu elincane “lengono” lokuligcwalisa ngomoya kanye namashubhu okudlala amaningana anebhiphu enolimi olulodwa olwenziwe ngophaphe lomhlanga noma lwehansi (turkey). Uma idlala, i-dudar ifutha isikhwama, iyicindezele ngendololwane yesandla sobunxele, umoya ungena emashubhuni futhi wenze izilimi zidlidlize. Umsindo unamandla futhi ubukhali. I-Duda yaziwa eBelarus kusukela ngekhulu le-16.

I-Belarusian Duda

Indlela yokukhetha i-bagpipe