Ungawufunda kanjani umculo weshidi nengane?

Uma ufuna ukufunda umculo uwedwa noma nengane yakho, okokuqala-ke, kufanele uthole umbono wokuthi uyini ngempela umculo. Iqiniso liwukuthi amanothi ayimisindo eqoshiwe. Njengasenkulumeni, izinhlamvu ziyimisindo ebhaliwe. Ngakho-ke, kokubili ngolimi nasemculweni, okokuqala udinga ukujwayelana nemisindo, bese kuphela ngezitayela zabo.

Lo mhlahlandlela omncane uphakamisa indlela yokufunda amanothi omculo ngochungechunge lwezinyathelo. Imanuwali ikulungele kokubili ukufundisa izingane kanye nokuzifundisa komuntu omdala ukubhala komculo.

Isigaba 0 - ukuthola imibono eyisisekelo mayelana nemisindo yomculo ephezulu nephansi

Umculo uwubuciko, futhi ubuciko ngalinye bukhuluma ulimi lwalo. Ngakho-ke, ulimi lokudweba luyimibala nemigqa, ulimi lwezinkondlo lungamagama, izigqi kanye nemilolozelo, ukunyakaza, ukuma okuhle nokubukeka kobuso kubalulekile kumdanso. Ulimi lomculo umsindo womculo. Ngakho-ke, siyaphinda futhi ukuthi umsindo womculo oqoshwe ephepheni kuphela obizwa ngokuthi inothi.

Kunemisindo eminingi yomculo, ihlukile - ephezulu nephansi. Uma wakha yonke imisindo ngokulandelana, uqala ngemisindo ephansi kuze kufike phezulu, uthola isikali somculo. Esilinganisweni esinjalo, yonke imisindo ikleliswe njengokungathi "ngokuphakama": aphansi amanothi amakhulu, amade, njengamawundlu, futhi ephakeme mincane, njengezinyoni nomiyane.

Ngakho-ke, isikali singaba sikhulu ekubunjweni - imisindo ekuyo iwulwandle nje. Isibonelo, kukhibhodi yepiyano, ungathatha futhi udlale imisindo efinyelela ku-88. Ngaphezu kwalokho, uma sidlala upiyano ngokulandelana, khona-ke kithi kubonakala sengathi sikhuphuka izitebhisi zomculo. Izame futhi uzilalele! Uyezwa? Lokhu kuyinto eyigugu kakhulu!

Iseluleko! Uma ungenayo insimbi yomculo wepiyano noma okunye okufana nakho (i-synthesizer) endlini yakho, bese uzifunela ikhibhodi ebonakalayo noma ufake uhlelo lwepiyano efonini yakho.

Isigaba 1 – ukuphimisela amagama amanothi ngokuzwakalayo

Ngakho-ke, kunemisindo eminingi esikalini, kodwa kukhona eyinhloko engu-7 - lena yi-DO RE MI FA SOL LA SI. Usuwazi la magama, angithi? Le misindo engu-7 iphindaphindwa njalo, kuphela ekuphakameni okusha. Futhi ukuphindaphinda ngakunye okunjalo kubizwa ngokuthi i-octave.

Isilinganiso, esihlukaniswe ngama-octave, lapho imisindo engu-7 iphindaphindiwe njalo, ifana nesakhiwo esinezitezi eziningi esakhiweni saso. I-octave ngayinye entsha iyisitezi esisha, futhi imisindo eyisikhombisa eyisisekelo izitebhisi zomculo ukusuka kwesinye isitezi ukuya kwesinye.

Kunconyiwe! Uma usebenza nengane, qala i-albhamu - i-sketchbook evamile noma ngisho nefolda nje yemidwebo.

Qiniseka ukuthi uyawenza lo msebenzi. Dweba isakhiwo esinezitezi eziningi eshidini, ngaphakathi kukhona izitebhisi zezitebhisi eziyisikhombisa. Futhi manje, vula umcabango wakho bese ufika nendaba ethile yengane - isibonelo, mayelana nephayona uVasya, owanquma ukusiza ikati elikhuphukela e-attic. Umgomo wakho uwukwenyuka uphinde wehle isitebhisi somculo izikhathi ezimbalwa zilandelana.

Iqiniso liwukuthi umugqa othi "do-re-mi-fa-sol-la-si", njengomthetho, ubizwa kalula yizo zonke izingane, kodwa ngokuphambene "si-la-sol-fa-mi-re". -do ' bambalwa kakhulu. Lo msebenzi uzoyilungisa kalula le ndaba, futhi ukuyilungisa kubaluleke kakhulu!

Ngenhloso efanayo, ungasebenzisa "izinto zokubala" ezaziwa kakhulu:

Yenza, re, mi, fa, sol, la, sy - Ikati lagibela itekisi! Si, la, usawoti, fa, mi, re, yenza - Ikati langena esitimeleni!

Isiteji sesi-2 – iladi kupiyano

Manje sidinga ukuphendukela kupiyano futhi, kubalulekile ukusungula izinhlangano zokuzwa. Ukuzivocavoca ngezitebhisi kumele kwenziwe kupiyano, ngemisindo yangempela. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ukuhlelwa kwamanothi kukhibhodi yepiyano kukhunjulwa endleleni.

Ikuphi le ndawo? Ipiyano inokhiye abamhlophe nabamnyama. Bonke abamhlophe bahamba ngokulandelana ngaphandle kwezici ezikhethekile ngokulandelana kwabo. Kodwa abamnyama bahamba ngamaqembu amancane - bese kuba okhiye ababili, bese bebathathu, bese kuba ababili, bese bebathathu futhi, njalonjalo. Udinga ukuzulazula kukhibhodi yepiyano ngezihluthulelo ezimnyama - lapho kukhona okhiye ababili abamnyama, kwesokunxele sabo, phansi "ngaphansi kwentaba" kukhona njalo inothi DO.

Khona-ke ungacela ingane (kanye nomuntu omdala - azibuze) ukuthola wonke amanothi we-DO kukhibhodi, futhi kubalulekile ukuthi ungawadibanisi nezihluthulelo ze-FA, ezizokwenzeka ekuqaleni kwamaqembu okhiye abathathu abamnyama. . Bese, kusukela kunothi elithi DO, ungakwazi ukuhlela uchungechunge lwayo yonke eminye imisindo futhi udlale lolu chungechunge phezulu naphansi. Ungafunda kabanzi mayelana nokuhlelwa kwamanothi nama-octave opiyano LAPHA.

Isiteji sesi-3 - ukurekhoda amanothi esigxotsheni

Kukhona amabhuku okubhalela akhethekile okubhala izinhlamvu nezinombolo - ekhejini noma eruleni, ingane yakho cishe isiyazi ngalokhu! Mchazele ukuthi kukhona nephepha eliyisipesheli lokurekhoda amanothi - elinezinduku.

Sicela uqaphele ukuthi asikho isidingo sokufundisa ngokushesha ingane ukubamba ngekhanda amanothi esigxotsheni, okokuqala udinga nje ukuzijwayeza ukubhala amanothi. Abasebenzi bomculo baqukethe ababusi abahlanu, amanothi angabhalwa:

A) kubabusi, ebeka njengobuhlalu entanjeni;

B) ngezikhawu phakathi kwababusi, ngaphezulu nangaphansi kwabo;

C) ngokulandelana - emigqeni naphakathi kwabo ngaphandle kwezikhala;

D) kwamanye amarula amancane naphakathi kwawo.

Zonke lezi zindlela zokubhala amanothi kumele zizanywe yingane kanye nomuntu omdala. Awekho ama-treble noma ama-bass clef adingekayo kulesi sigaba. Yiqiniso, isimiso esibaluleke kakhulu kufanele sichazwe - amanothi aphezulu atholakala phezulu kunaphansi (isimiso esifanayo sesitebhisi).

Isiteji sesi-4 – ukufunda nge-treble clef kanye nokuhlelwa kwamanothi kubasebenzi

Kulesi sigaba sokufunda ngomculo nengane, ungafaka i-treble clef. Ekuqaleni, ungavele udwebe i-treble clef. Endleleni, kuyadingeka ukuchaza ukuthi ngendlela ehlukile i-treble clef ibizwa nangokuthi UKHIYE we-SOL, njengoba iboshelwe emugqeni wesibili, okungukuthi, emgqeni ofanayo lapho inothi elithi SOL le-octave yokuqala likhona. kubhaliwe.

Kunezindlela ezimbili zokudweba i-treble clef:

1. qala ngomugqa wesibili bese uphetha nge-crochet;
2. qala kusukela phansi, kusukela ehhukuni bese ugcina emgqeni wesibili.

Zombili lezi zindlela zingaboniswa kumntwana, zama ukudweba ephepheni nasemoyeni, bese ushiya eyodwa, indlela elula kakhulu.

Isinyathelo esilandelayo ukufunda amanothi esigxotsheni, udinga ukuqala ngenothi i-SALT, ebhalwe emgqeni wesibili. Futhi-ke kufanele uphinde uphendukele kuladi lomculo futhi uthole ukuthi yimaphi amanothi aseduze ne-SALT, etholakala ngenhla nangaphansi kwayo. Amanothi afanayo (i-FA ne-LA) azoba omakhelwane be-SALT esigxotsheni futhi.

Ucwaningo olwengeziwe lwamanothi lungakhiwa ngokwalesi simo esilandelayo:

1. Yisho amagama bese ubhala amanothi amahlanu esizohlangana nawo uma sikhuphuka iledi yomculo sisuka ku-SALT (lena i-SALT, LA, SI, DO, RE). I-DO kanye ne-PE kulokhu sekuvele amanothi e-octave yesibili, ithuba lokuthuthela ku-octave elandelayo kufanele lichazwe kumntwana.
2. Yisho futhi ubhale phansi amanothi amahlanu ozohlangana nawo uma wehla ngezitebhisi zomculo usuka ku-SOL (SOL, FA, MI, RE, DO). Lapha, ukunakwa kwengane kufanele kudonswe inothi DO, eyayingenaso isikhala esanele esigxotsheni, ngakho-ke ibhalwe kumbusi owengeziwe. Ingane kufanele ikhumbule inothi YENZA njengenothi elingajwayelekile futhi ngemva kwalokho ilibone ngokushesha.

1. Yisho futhi ubhale phansi amanothi e-octave yokuqala abhalwe kumarula (DO, MI, SOL kanye ne-SI). "Yenza, mi, usawoti, si - bahlala phezu kwababusi" - kukhona ingoma yokubala enjalo.
2. Yisho futhi ubhale phansi amanothi e-octave yokuqala, abhalwe phakathi kwabalawuli (RE, FA, LA, DO).

Ngendlela efanayo, kancane kancane (kodwa hhayi ngosuku olufanayo futhi hhayi ngesikhathi esisodwa) ungakwazi ukuqonda amanothi we-octave yesibili. Akufanele ukushesha kakhulu futhi ucindezele ingane ngenothi lomculo, ukuze isithakazelo singashabalali.

Isigaba 5 - sebenzisa "izinhlamvu zomculo"

Ithini incwadi yezingane? Isithombe sezinhlamvu nezinto amagama azo aqala ngalezi zinhlamvu. Uma ukuthuthukiswa komculo womculo kunzima (isibonelo, uma ingane isencane kakhulu eminyakeni yobudala), khona-ke kunengqondo ukuphazanyiswa isikhashana futhi unciphise ukungathi sína kwezifundo ngezinto ezibukwayo ezinhle.

Ungenza i-alfabhethi yomculo nengane yakho. Unganikezela ishidi elihlukile le-albhamu kunothi ngalinye - udinga ukubhala kahle igama lenothi kulo, indawo yalo esigxotsheni eduze kwe-treble clef, bese wengeza lesi sisekelo ngokuthile okuthakazelisayo - izinkondlo, amagama qala ngamagama anothi, imidwebo. Uma kunesidingo, ama-alfabhethi omculo angasetshenziswa ezigabeni zokuqala zokufunda.

Isibonelo sekhadi lezinhlamvu zomculo:

Landa izinhlamvu zomculo esezilungile: ZITHATHELE

Isigaba 6 - ukuthuthukisa ikhono lokufunda umculo

Ukuqeqesha ikhono lokufunda umculo esigabeni sokuqala sokwazi ukuphawula komculo kufanele kwenziwe njalo. Izindlela zokusebenza lapha zingahluka - ukufunda okujwayelekile kombhalo womculo negama lawo wonke amanothi ngokulandelana, ukubhala kabusha amanothi encwadini yomculo, ukusayina wonke amanothi emculweni kakade adluliselwe encwadini yokubhalela.

Izibonelo zokufunda zingatholakala kunoma iyiphi incwadi ye-solfeggio. Njengomthetho, izibonelo ezincwadini ze-solfeggio (izingcaphuno zezingoma ezihlukahlukene) zincane ngosayizi (imigqa engu-1-2), elula kakhulu. Okokuqala, ingane ayikhathali ngesikhathi sesifundo futhi ingakwazi ukuqedela umsebenzi. Okwesibili, kuthatha isikhathi esincane kakhulu ukusebenza ngenombolo eyodwa noma ezimbili, okuyikhona okukuvumela ukuthi uvule lolu hlobo lomsebenzi izikhathi ezimbili noma ezintathu ngosuku olulodwa.

Izibonelo zokufunda umculo

Isigaba 7 - ukuhlanganisa ulwazi

Enye yezindlela zokuhlanganisa amanothi afundiwe kungaba izinhlobonhlobo zemisebenzi ebhaliwe nenobuciko. Ukukhethwa okuhle kwemisebenzi ethokozisayo yokufunda nokubamba ngekhanda amanothi e-octave yokuqala neyesibili kuqukethwe encwadini yokusebenza ye-solfeggio yebanga loku-1 ngu-G. Kalinina. Sincoma ukuthi uthenge le ncwajana futhi uyisebenzise esikhathini esizayo, ngoba ngosizo lwale manuwali ngendlela ejabulisayo nejabulisayo (izindida, izimfumbe, njll.) ungathola izinto eziningi ezibalulekile.

Ukukhethwa kwemisebenzi evela encwadini yomsebenzi ka-G. Kalinina - ZITHATHELE

Lowo owayengavilaphi kakhulu futhi wasebenza kuzo zonke izigaba, buyela emuva esikhathini esedlule. Manje usungabona izithelo zomsebenzi wakho. Ingabe ukwazile ukufundisa ingane yakho amanothi? Ingabe kwakunzima? Sicabanga ukuthi bekujabulisa futhi kuyathakazelisa. Sicela wabelane ngolwazi lwakho kumazwana!