Isikali esikhulu

Indlela yokudala uhla oluthile lwemisindo engenza umculo ulula, ujabule?

Kunezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene ze izindlela emculweni. Ngendlebe, kulula ukuhlukanisa ama-ditties aseRussia kusuka ezingomeni zaseGeorgia, umculo wasempumalanga ovela entshonalanga, njll. Umehluko onjalo emiculo, imizwa yabo, kungenxa yemodi esetshenzisiwe. Izindlela ezinkulu nezincane yizona ezisetshenziswa kakhulu. Kulesi sahluko, sizobheka isikali esikhulu.

isikali esikhulu

Ukukhathazeka , imisindo ezinzile eyakha unxantathu omkhulu, ibizwa ngokuthi Staff . Ake sichaze ngokushesha. I-triad isivele iyi-chord, sizokhuluma ngayo kamuva, kodwa okwamanje, ngo-triad sisho imisindo engu-3, ​​ethathwe kanyekanye noma ngokulandelana. Unxantathu omkhulu wakhiwa imisindo, izikhawu phakathi kwazo okuyingxenye yesithathu. Phakathi komsindo ophansi nophakathi kukhona ingxenye yesithathu enkulu (amathoni ama-2); phakathi kwemisindo ephakathi nendawo ephezulu - ingxenye yesithathu encane (amathoni angu-1.5). Isibonelo sikanxantathu omkhulu:

Umfanekiso 1. Unxantathu omkhulu

I-triad enkulu ene-tonic esisekelweni sayo ibizwa ngokuthi i-tonic triad.

Isikali esikhulu siqukethe imisindo eyisikhombisa, emelela ukulandelana okuthile kwamasekhondi amakhulu namancane. Ake siqoke owesibili omkhulu ngokuthi “b.2”, kanti owesibili omncane ube ngu-“m.2”. Khona-ke isilinganiso esikhulu singamelelwa kanje: b.2, b.2, m.2, b.2, b.2, b.2, m.2. Ukulandelana kwemisindo ngohlelo olunjalo lwezinyathelo kubizwa ngesilinganiso esikhulu semvelo, futhi imodi ibizwa ngokuthi enkulu yemvelo. Ngokuvamile, isikali sibizwa ngokuthi ukuhlelwa okuhlelekile kwemisindo yemodi ngokuphakama (kusuka ku-tonic kuya ku-tonic). Imisindo eyakha isikali ibizwa ngokuthi izinyathelo. Izinyathelo zesikali ziboniswa ngezinombolo zesi-Roman. Ungaphambanisi nezinyathelo zesikali - azinawo amagama. Isibalo esingezansi sibonisa izinyathelo ezinenombolo zesikali esikhulu.

Umfanekiso 2. Izinyathelo zesikali esikhulu

Izinyathelo azinazo kuphela igama ledijithali, kodwa futhi negama elizimele:

1. Isigaba I: i-tonic (T);
2. Isigaba II: umsindo oyisingeniso owehlayo;
3. Isigaba III: umlamuli (phakathi);
4. Isigaba IV: i-subdominant (S);
5. Isigaba V: esinamandla (D);
6. Isigaba VI: i-submediant (umlamuli ophansi);
7. Isiteji VII: ukukhuphuka komsindo wesingeniso.

Izigaba I, IV kanye no-V zibizwa ngokuthi izigaba eziyinhloko. Ezinye izinyathelo ezesibili. Imisindo yesingeniso idonsela ku-tonic (lwela ukuxazulula).

Izinyathelo I, III kanye no-V zizinzile, zakha i-tonic triad.

Kafushane mayelana nenhloko

Ngakho, imodi enkulu imodi, lapho ukulandelana kwemisindo kwenza ukulandelana okulandelayo: b.2, b.2, m.2, b.2, b.2, b.2, m.2. Ake sikhumbule futhi: b.2 – umzuzwana omkhulu, umele iphimbo eliphelele: m.2 – isekhondi elincane, limele isemitone. Ukulandelana kwemisindo yesikali esikhulu kuboniswa emfanekisweni:

Umfanekiso 3. Izikhawu zesikali esikhulu semvelo

Umfanekiso ubonisa:

• b.2 - isekhondi elikhulu (ithoni yonke);
• m.2 - isekhondi elincane (semitone);
• 1 ukhombisa ithoni ephelele. Mhlawumbe lokhu kwenza umdwebo ube lula ukuwufunda;
• I-0.5 i-semitone.

Imiphumela

Sajwayelana nomqondo "wemodi", sahlaziya imodi enkulu ngokuningiliziwe. Kuwo wonke amagama ezinyathelo, sizovame ukusebenzisa eziyinhloko, ngakho amagama nezindawo zazo kufanele zikhunjulwe.