Montserrat Cabalé |

EMontserrat Caballe

U-Montserrat Caballe ubizwa ngokufanelekile namuhla njengendlalifa efanelekayo yabaculi abadumile besikhathi esidlule - uGiuditta Pasta, uGiulia noGiuditta Grisi, uMaria Malibran.

S. Nikolaevich noM. Kotelnikova bachaza ubuso bokudala bomculi kanje:

“Isitayela sakhe siyinhlanganisela yokusondelana kwesenzo sokucula kanye nezinkanuko eziphakeme, umgubho wemizwa enamandla kodwa nokho enesisa nemsulwa. Isitayela sikaCaballe simayelana nokujabula okujabulisayo nokungenasono kwempilo, umculo, ukuxhumana nabantu kanye nemvelo. Lokhu akusho ukuthi awekho amanothi abuhlungu kurejista yakhe. Bangaki okwadingeka ashonele esiteji: UVioletta, uMadame Butterfly, uMimi, uTosca, uSalome, u-Adrienne Lecouvrere ... Amaqhawekazi akhe abulawa insangu nangokudliwa, ngenxa yobuthi noma ngenhlamvu, kodwa ngamunye wabo wanikezwa ithuba lokuzwa lowo ongashadile. umzuzu lapho umphefumulo ujabula, ugcwele inkazimulo yokuphakama kwawo kokugcina, ngemva kwalokho akukho ukuwa, akukho ukukhashelwa kwePinkerton, akukho ushevu weNkosazana yaseBouillon obubi nakakhulu. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi uCaballe ucula ngani, isithembiso sepharadesi sesiqukethwe yizwi lakhe. Futhi kulawa mantombazane aneshwa ayewadlala, ewavuza ngobukhosi ngezimo zakhe zikanokusho, ukumamatheka okukhazimulayo kanye nenkazimulo yeplanethi, nakithi, ukumlalela ngothando ebumnyameni obumaphakathi behholo ngomoya opholile. IPharadesi liseduze. Kubonakala sengathi ikude nje, kodwa awukwazi ukuyibona ngezibonakude.

UCaballe ungumKatolika wangempela, futhi ukholo kuNkulunkulu luyisisekelo sokucula kwakhe. Le nkolelo imvumela ukuthi angazinaki izinkanuko zomzabalazo weshashalazi, umbango ongemuva kwezigcawu.

“Ngiyakholelwa kuNkulunkulu. UNkulunkulu ungumdali wethu, kusho uCaballe. Futhi akunandaba ukuthi ubani oyinkolo, noma mhlawumbe ongasho lutho nhlobo. Kubalulekile ukuthi Abekhona (ekhomba isifuba). Emphefumulweni wakho. Impilo yami yonke ngiphatha lokho okwakuphawulwe ngomusa Wakhe - igatsha lomnqumo elincane elivela ensimini yaseGetsemane. Futhi kanye naso futhi isithombe esincane sikaMama kaNkulunkulu - iNcasakazi Ebusisiwe uMariya. Bahlezi benami. Ngazithatha lapho ngishada, lapho ngibeletha izingane, lapho ngiyohlinzwa esibhedlela. Njalo”.

UMaria de Montserrat Viviana Concepción Cabalé y Folk wazalwa ngo-April 12, 1933 e-Barcelona. Lapha wafunda nomculi waseHungary u-E. Kemeny. Izwi lakhe lidonse ukunaka ngisho naseBarcelona Conservatory, uMontserrat athweswa yona ngendondo yegolide. Nokho, lokhu kwalandelwa iminyaka yokusebenza emaqenjini amancane aseSwitzerland naseNtshonalanga Jalimane.

Ukuqala kukaCaballe kwenzeka ngo-1956 esiteji se-Opera House e-Basel, lapho adlala khona njengo-Mimi ku-La bohème ka-G. Puccini. Izindlu ze-opera zaseBasel naseBremen zaba yizindawo eziphambili ze-opera zomculi weshumi leminyaka elilandelayo. Lapho, wenza izingxenye eziningi “kuma-opera ezikhathi nezitayela ezihlukahlukene. UCaballe ucule ingxenye kaPamina kwekaMozart ethi The Magic Flute, Marina eka-Mussorgsky ethi Boris Godunov, Tatiana eka-Eugene Onegin kaTchaikovsky, u-Ariadne ku-Ariadne auf Naxos. Wadlala nengxenye ka-Salome ku-opera yegama elifanayo ka-R. Strauss, wadlala indima yesihloko sika-Tosca ku-Tosca ka-G. Puccini.

Kancane kancane, uCaballe uqala ukudlala ngezigaba zezindlu ze-opera eYurophu. Ngo-1958 wacula eVienna State Opera, ngo-1960 waqala ukubonakala esiteji seLa Scala.

“Futhi ngaleso sikhathi,” kusho uCaballe, “umfowethu, kamuva owaba i-impresario yami, wayengangivumeli ukuba ngikhululeke. Ngaleso sikhathi, ngangingacabangi ngodumo, kodwa ngaphezu kwakho konke ngangilwela ubuciko bangempela, obudla konke. Uhlobo oluthile lokukhathazeka lwalungishaya ngaso sonke isikhathi, futhi ngokuphelelwa isineke ngafunda izindima eziningi ezintsha.

Indlela lo mculi aqoqwe futhi unenjongo ngayo esiteji, akahlelekile kanjani empilweni - waze wakwazi nokufika sekwephuzile emshadweni wakhe.

S. Nikolaevich kanye M. Kotelnikova bayasitshela ngalokhu:

“Kwakungu-1964. Umshado wokuqala (futhi kuphela!) empilweni yakhe – noBernabe Marta – wawuzokwenzeka esontweni esigodlweni sezindela eMount Montserrat. Kukhona intaba enjalo eCatalonia, engekude ne-Barcelona. Kwakubonakala kunina kamakoti, u-Donna Anna oqinile, ukuthi kuzoba nothando kakhulu: umcimbi osithwe ukuhlonishwa kukaMfundisi Montserrat ngokwakhe. Wavuma umkhwenyana, umakoti naye. Nakuba wonke umuntu wayecabanga: “August. Ukushisa kubi, sizokhuphuka kanjani lapho nazo zonke izihambeli zethu? Futhi izihlobo zikaBernabe, ngokungananazi, akuzona ezentsha yokuqala, ngoba wayenguthunjana emndenini onabantwana abayishumi. Hhayi-ke, ngokujwayelekile, akukho lapho ungaya khona: entabeni ngakho-ke entabeni. Futhi ngosuku lomshado, uMontserrat uhamba nonina ngeVolkswagen endala, ayithenga ngemali yokuqala, ngisho nalapho ecula eJalimane. Futhi kufanele kwenzeke ukuthi ngo-Agasti line e-Barcelona. Konke kuyathulula kuthulule. Ngesikhathi sifika entabeni, umgwaqo wawumabi. Imoto ibambekile. Akukho lapha nalaphaya. Injini emile. UMontserrat wazama ukuyomisa nge-hairspray. Babesalelwe ngamakhilomitha angu-12. Zonke izimenywa sezivele ziphezulu. Futhi bayantanta lapha, futhi alikho ithuba lokukhuphuka. Futhi-ke uMontserrat, egqoke ingubo yomshado kanye neveli, emanzi, okungenani ayikhiphe, ame endleleni futhi aqale ukuvota.

Ngokudubula okunjalo, noma iyiphi i-paparazzi manje izonikeza ingxenye yokuphila kwayo. Kodwa ke akekho owayemazi. Izimoto zabagibeli ngokunganaki zadlula intombazane enkulu enezinwele ezimnyama egqoke ingubo emhlophe ehlekisayo, inyakaza inyakaza emgwaqeni. Ngenhlanhla, kwaqhamuka iloli lezinkomo ebelishayiwe. UMontserrat no-Anna bagibela phezu kwayo baphuthuma esontweni, lapho umkhwenyana ompofu kanye nezivakashi babengasakwazi ukuthi bacabangeni. Wabe esephuzile ngehora.”

Ngawo lowo nyaka, ngomhla zingama-20 kuMbasa, ihora elihle kakhulu likaCaballe lafika - njengoba kuvame ukwenzeka, umphumela wokushintshwa okungalindelekile. ENew York, eCarnegie Hall, umculi ongaziwayo wacula ingoma kaDonizetti ethi Lucrezia Borgia esikhundleni sikasaziwayo ogulayo uMarilyn Horne. Ngokuphendula i-aria yemizuzu eyisishiyagalolunye - i-ovation yemizuzu engamashumi amabili ...

Ngakusasa ekuseni, i-New York Times yaphuma nesihloko esihehayo ekhasini lokuqala: Callas + Tebaldi + Caballe. Ngeke kudlule isikhathi esiningi, futhi impilo izoqinisekisa le fomula: umculi waseSpain uzocula wonke ama-divas amakhulu wekhulu lesi-XNUMX.

Impumelelo ivumela umculi ukuba athole inkontileka, futhi uba soloist neMetropolitan Opera. Kusukela ngaleso sikhathi, amatiyetha ahamba phambili emhlabeni wonke abelwela ukufaka uCaballe esiteji sabo.

Ochwepheshe bakholelwa ukuthi ingoma kaCaballe ingenye ebanzi kakhulu phakathi kwabo bonke abaculi be-soprano. Ucula umculo wesiNtaliyane, iSpanishi, isiJalimane, isiFulentshi, isiCzech nesiRashiya. Unezingxenye ze-opera ezingu-125, izinhlelo eziningi zekhonsathi namadiski angaphezu kwekhulu kuye.

Kumculi, njengabaculi abaningi, i-La Scala yaseshashalazini yayiwuhlobo lwezwe elithenjisiwe. Ngo-1970, wenza esiteji sayo enye yezindima zakhe ezinhle kakhulu - uNorma ku-opera yegama elifanayo lika-V. Bellini.

Kwakungale ndima njengengxenye yeshashalazi lapho uCaballe efika khona ngo-1974 ohambweni lwakhe lokuqala eMoscow. Kusukela lapho, usevakashele inhloko-dolobha yethu izikhathi ezingaphezu kwesisodwa. Ngo-2002, wenza nomculi osemusha waseRussia uN. Baskov. Futhi okokuqala wavakashela e-USSR ngo-1959, lapho indlela yakhe eya esiteji isanda kuqala. Khona-ke, kanye nonina, wazama ukuthola umalume wakhe, owathuthela lapha, njengabanye abantu bakubo, ngemva kweMpi Yombango yaseSpain, ebalekela ubushiqela bukaFranco.

Lapho uCaballe ecula, kubonakala sengathi uncibilike ngokuphelele. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ngaso sonke isikhathi ukhipha ingoma ngothando, ezama ukuhlukanisa ngokucophelela ingxenye eyodwa kwenye. Izwi likaCaballe lizwakala ncamashi kuwo wonke amarejista.

Umculi unobuciko obukhethekile kakhulu, futhi isithombe ngasinye asidalayo siyaqedwa futhi senziwe ngemininingwane emincane kakhulu. "Ubonisa" umsebenzi owenziwa ngokunyakaziswa kwezandla okuphelele.

UCaballe wenza ukubukeka kwakhe kwaba yinto ekhulekelwayo hhayi kuphela ezithamelini, kodwa nakuyena. Akazange akhathazeke ngesisindo sakhe esikhulu, ngoba ukholelwa ukuthi ngomsebenzi ophumelelayo womculi we-opera, "kubalulekile ukugcina i-diaphragm, futhi lokhu udinga amavolumu. Emzimbeni omncane, akukho ndawo yokubeka konke lokhu. ”

UCaballe uthanda ukubhukuda, ukuhamba ngezinyawo, ukushayela imoto kahle kakhulu. Akwaleli ukudla ukudla okumnandi. Lapho umculi ethanda ophaya bakanina, futhi manje, lapho isikhathi sivuma, uzibhakela umndeni wakhe ophaya besitrobheli. Ngaphandle komyeni wakhe, unezingane ezimbili.

“Ngiyakuthanda ukudla kwasekuseni nomndeni wonke. Akunandaba ukuthi ubani uvuka nini: UBernabe angavuka ngehora lesikhombisa, mina ngesishiyagalombili, uMonsita ngehora leshumi. Sisazodla isidlo sasekuseni ndawonye. Lona umthetho. Bese wonke umuntu ezenzela ezakhe izinto. Isidlo sakusihlwa? Yebo, ngezinye izikhathi ngiyayipheka. Kuyavunywa, angiyena umpheki onekhono kakhulu. Lapho wena ngokwakho ungakwazi ukudla izinto eziningi kangaka, akufanelekile nhlobo ukuma esitofini. Futhi kusihlwa ngiphendula izincwadi eziza kimi ngamaqoqo ezivela yonke indawo, ezivela emhlabeni wonke. Umshana wami u-Isabelle uyangisiza ngalokhu. Yebo, izincwadi eziningi zisala ehhovisi, lapho zicutshungulwa futhi ziphendulwe ngokusayina kwami. Kodwa kunezincwadi okumele ngiziphendule ngedwa. Njengomthetho, kuthatha amahora amabili kuya kwamathathu ngosuku. Hhayi kancane. Kwesinye isikhathi iMonsita ixhunyiwe. Hhayi-ke, uma kungadingeki ngenze noma yini endlini (kwenzeka!), ngiyadweba. Lo msebenzi ngiyawuthanda kakhulu, angikwazi ukuwuchaza ngamagama. Kunjalo, ngiyazi ukuthi ngenza kabi kakhulu, ngobuwula, ngobulima. Kodwa kuyangithoba, kunginika ukuthula okungaka. Umbala engiwuthandayo uluhlaza. Kuwuhlobo lokuthatheka. Kuyenzeka, ngihlale, ngipende isithombe esilandelayo, kahle, isibonelo, indawo, futhi ngicabanga ukuthi kuyadingeka ukwengeza uhlaza lapha. Nalapha futhi. Futhi umphumela uwuhlobo oluthile "lwenkathi eluhlaza yeCaballe" engapheli. Ngolunye usuku, ngenxa yesikhumbuzo somshado wethu, nganquma ukunikeza umyeni wami umdwebo - "Dawn in the Pyrenees". Njalo ekuseni ngangivuka ngehora lesine ekuseni ngihambe ngemoto ngiye ezintabeni ukuze ngiyobamba ukuphuma kwelanga. Futhi uyazi, kwaba kuhle kakhulu - yonke into i-pink kakhulu, umbala we-saumon ithenda. Ngenelisekile, ngethula isipho sami kumyeni wami. Futhi ucabanga ukuthi wathini? “Hhawu! Lona umdwebo wakho wokuqala ongewona oluhlaza.”

Kodwa into eyinhloko ekuphileni kwakhe umsebenzi. U-Natalia Troitskaya, omunye wabaculi baseRussia abadume kakhulu, ozibiza ngokuthi "indodakazi kankulunkulu" kaCaballe, wathi: ekuqaleni komsebenzi wakhe wokudala, uCaballe wamfaka emotweni, wamyisa esitolo futhi wathenga ijazi loboya. Khona manjalo, uthe akulona izwi kuphela elibalulekile kumculi, kodwa nendlela abukeka ngayo. Ukuthandwa kwakhe ngabalaleli nemali yakhe kuncike kulokhu.

Ngo-June 1996, kanye nomlingani wakhe wesikhathi eside uM. Burgeras, umculi walungiselela uhlelo lwegumbi lama-miniatures amahle kakhulu: ama-canzones kaVivaldi, Paisiello, Scarlatti, Stradella futhi, yiqiniso, usebenza nguRossini. Njengenjwayelo, uCaballe naye wenza i-zarzuella, ethandwa yibo bonke abantu baseSpain.

Endlini yakhe, okukhumbuza indawo encane, uCaballe wenza imihlangano kaKhisimusi ibe ngokwesiko. Lapho uyaziculela futhi amele abaculi abangaphansi kwakhe. Kwesinye isikhathi ucula nomyeni wakhe, u-tenor Barnaba Marty.

Umculi uhlala ethatha yonke into eyenzekayo emphakathini futhi ezama ukusiza umakhelwane wakhe. Ngakho, ngo-1996, kanye nomqambi wesigubhu waseFrance uMarc Serone Caballe, wanikeza ikhonsathi yokusiza ekusekeleni i-Dalai Lama.

KwakunguCaballe owahlela ikhonsathi enkulu yabagulayo uCarreras esigcawini saseBarcelona: “Wonke amaphephandaba asevele a-ode izingcwabo kulo mcimbi. Bastards! Futhi nganquma - uJose ufanelwe ukuba neholide. Kumele abuyele esiteji. Umculo uzomsindisa. Futhi uyabona, bengiqinisile."

Intukuthelo kaCaballe ingaba yimbi kakhulu. Impilo ende yaseshashalazini, wafunda kahle imithetho yayo: awukwazi ukuba buthakathaka, awukwazi ukunikeza intando yomunye umuntu, awukwazi ukuthethelela unprofessionalism.

Umdidiyeli uVyacheslav Teterin uthi: “Unokufutheka okumangalisayo. Intukuthelo iphuma ngokushesha, njengodaka lwentaba-mlilo. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ungena endimeni, uthatha izimo ezisongelayo, amehlo akhe ayakhazimula. Izungezwe ugwadule olushile. Wonke umuntu uchotshoziwe. Abalokothi bathi vu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, le ntukuthelo ingase ingenele ngokuphelele emcimbini. Bese ephuma ngokushesha. Futhi mhlawumbe aze acele intethelelo uma eqaphela ukuthi lowo muntu wayethuke kakhulu.

Ngenhlanhla, ngokungafani nama-prima donnas amaningi, umuntu waseSpain unomlingiswa olula ngokungavamile. Uyaphuma futhi unamancoko.

U-Elena Obraztsova uyakhumbula:

“E-Barcelona, ​​e-Liceu Theatre, ngiqale ngalalela i-opera ka-Alfredo Catalani ethi Valli. Ngangingawazi nhlobo lo mculo, kodwa wangithatha kusukela kuma-bar okuqala, futhi ngemva kwe-aria ka-Caballe - wawucula upiyano lwakhe oluhle kakhulu olumangalisayo - wacishe wahlanya. Ngesikhathi sekhefu, ngagijimela egumbini lakhe lokugqoka, ngaguqa ngamadolo, ngakhumula i-mink cape yami (khona-ke kwakuyinto yami ebiza kakhulu). UMontserrat wahleka: “Elina, shiya, lobu boya banele kimina kuphela njengesigqoko.” Futhi ngakusasa ngacula uCarmen noPlacido Domingo. Esikhathini sokuphumula, ngiyabheka - uMontserrat ubhukuda egumbini lami lobuciko. Futhi uguqa ngamadolo, njengonkulunkulu wasendulo wamaGreki, abese engibuka ngobuqili futhi athi: “Hhayi-ke, manje sekufanele ubize u-crane ukuze ungiphakamise.”

Okunye okutholwe obekungalindelekile ngesizini ye-opera yase-Europe yango-1997/98 kwaba wumdlalo kaMontserrat Caballe nendodakazi kaMontserrat uMarti. I-duet yomndeni yenza uhlelo lwezwi "Amazwi Amabili, Inhliziyo Eyodwa".