Ubudlelwano bokhiye |

Ukuhambisana okuyinhloko – ukusondela kokhiye, kunqunywa inombolo kanye nokubaluleka kwezinto ezivamile (imisindo, izikhawu, izingoma). Uhlelo lwethoni luyaguquguquka; ngakho-ke, ukwakheka kwezakhi ze-tonality (ukunyathela komsindo, i-interval, i-chordal, nokusebenza) akuhlali okufanayo; rt akuyona into ephelele futhi engaguquki. Umgomo we-R. t., okuyiqiniso kusistimu yethoni eyodwa, ungase ungavumelekile kwenye. Ubuningi be-R.t. izinhlelo emlandweni wemfundiso yokuzwana (AB Marx, E. Prout, H. Riemann, A. Schoenberg, E. Lendvai, P. Hindemith, NA Rimsky-Korsakov, BL Yavorsky, GL Catuar, LM Rudolf, ababhali be i-"brigade textbook" IV Sposobin kanye no-AF Mutli, OL kanye no-SS Skrebkovs, u-Yu. N. Tyulin no-NG Privano, u-RS Taube, u-MA Iglitsky nabanye) ekugcineni kubonisa ukuthuthukiswa kwesistimu ye-tonal.

Ngomculo wekhulu le-18-19. Okufaneleka kakhulu, nakuba kungenasici, yi-systematics ye-R. t., ebekwe encwadini yokuvumelana ka-NA Rimsky-Korsakov. Amathoni asondelene (noma lawo aku-1st degree of kinship) yilawo ayisithupha, ama-tonic. i-triads to-rykh isezinyathelweni ze-tonality enikeziwe (izindlela zemvelo ne-harmonic). Isibonelo, i-C-dur ihlobene eduze ne-a-minor, G-dur, e-minor, F-dur, d-minor kanye ne-f-minor. Okunye, okhiye abakude ngokulandelana kwabo ku-2nd ne-3rd degree of kinship. Ngokuka-IV Sposobin, i-R. t. uhlelo lusekelwe ekutheni i-tonality ihlanganiswe yi-tonic evamile yesimo esisodwa noma esinye. Ngenxa yalokho, i-tonality ihlukaniswe ngamaqembu amathathu: I - diatonic. ukuzala, II - ukuzalana okukhulu-okuncane, III - chromatic. ukuzalana, isib. ku-C omkhulu:

Emculweni wesimanje, ukwakheka kwephimbo kushintshile; njengoba ilahlekelwe ukulinganiselwa kwayo kwangaphambili, iye yaba ngezindlela eziningi umuntu ngamunye. Ngakho-ke, izinhlelo ze-R. t., eziphathelene nesikhathi esedlule, azibonisi ukuhlukahluka kwe-R. t. ezikhathini zanamuhla. umculo. I-acoustic ene-conditioned. ukuhlobana kwemisindo, ubudlelwano besihlanu kanye ne-tertian bugcina ukubaluleka kwabo ezikhathini zanamuhla. ukuzwana. Noma kunjalo, ezimweni eziningi ze-R. t. ihlotshaniswa ngokuyinhloko nenkimbinkimbi yama-harmonics ethulwe esakhiweni sethonili enikeziwe. izakhi. Ngenxa yalokho, ubudlelwano obusebenzayo bokusondelana kwethoni noma ibanga bungase buhluke kakhulu. Ngakho-ke, uma, ngokwesibonelo, ekubunjweni kokhiye we-h-moll kunezinyathelo eziphansi ze-V eziphansi neziphansi ze-II (ezinamathoni amakhulu f no-c), ngakho-ke ngenxa yalokhu, ukhiye u-f-moll ungase uvele ube. ihlobene eduze ne-h-moll (bona ukunyakaza kwe-2-th kwe-symphony yesi-9 ka-Shostakovich). Esihlokweni sabazingeli (Des-dur) kusuka ku-symphony. izinganekwane zika-SS Prokofiev "Peter and the Wolf", ngenxa yesakhiwo somuntu ngamunye se-tonality (kuphela isigaba I kanye "ne-Prokofiev evelele" - VII ephezulu kunikezwa kuso), i-tonic iyi-semitone ephansi (C-dur) kuvele kusondelene kakhulu kunokwejwayelekile kwesigaba V ( As-dur), ukuvumelana kwakho okungaveli endikimbeni.

References: U-Dolzhansky AN, Ngokwesisekelo se-modal yezingoma zikaShostakovich, "SM", 1947, No 4, eqoqweni: Izici zesitayela sika-D. Shostakovich, M., 1962; I-Mytli AF, Ekuguquguqukeni. Embuzweni wokuthuthukiswa kwezimfundiso zika-NA Rimsky-Korsakov mayelana nokuhambisana kwamathoni, M.-L., 1948; I-Taube RS, Ezinhlelweni zobudlelwano bethoni, “Amanothi esayensi kanye nenqubo ye-Saratov Conservatory”, vol. 3, 1959; Slonimsky SM, Prokofiev sika Symphonies, M.-L., 1969; I-Skorik MM, i-Mode system ye-S. Prokofiev, K., 1969; Sposobin IV, Izinkulumo ngenkambo yokuvumelana, M., 1969; Tiftikidi HP, Theory of one-tertz and tonal chromatic systems, in: Questions of music theory, vol. 2, M., 1970; I-Mazel LA, Izinkinga zokuvumelana kwakudala, M., 1972; Iglitsky M., Ubudlelwano bokhiye kanye nenkinga yokuthola izinhlelo zokuguquguquka, ku: Ubuciko Bomculo Nesayensi, vol. 2, M., 1973; Rukavishnikov VN, Ezinye izengezo nezicaciso ohlelweni lobudlelwano bethoni ye-NA Rimsky-Korsakov kanye nezindlela ezingenzeka zokuthuthuka kwayo, ku: Imibuzo Yethiyori Yomculo, vol. 3, M., 1975. Bheka nelithi lit. ku-Art. Ukuvumelana.

Yu. N. Kholopov