I-Bavarian State Orchestra (Bayerisches Staatsorchester) |

I-Bavarian State Orchestra

I-Bavarian State Orchestra (i-Bayerisches Staatsorchester), okuyi-orchestra ye-Bavarian State Opera, ingenye yama-symphony ensembles adume kakhulu emhlabeni futhi ingeyodwa endala kakhulu eJalimane. Umlando wayo ungalandelelwa emuva ku-1523, lapho umqambi uLudwig Senfl eba umsunguli weNkantolo Yesonto yoMbusi waseBavaria uWilhelm eMunich. Umholi wokuqala odumile wendlu yesonto yaseMunich kwakungu-Orlando di Lasso, owathatha lesi sikhundla ngokusemthethweni ngo-1563 phakathi nokubusa kukaDuke Albrecht V. Ngo-1594, umbusi wasungula isikole okuhlalwa kuso sezingane ezinesiphiwo ezivela emindenini empofu ukuze afundise abancane. isizukulwane sendlu yesonto. Ngemva kokufa kukaLasso ngo-1594, uJohannes de Fossa wathatha ubuholi beChapel.

Ngo-1653, kuvulwa iMunich Opera House entsha, iCapella Orchestra yadlala okokuqala ngqá i-opera ka-GB Mazzoni ethi L'Arpa festante (ngaphambi kwalokho, kwakunomculo wesonto kuphela owake waba ku-repertoire yawo). Ngama-80s wekhulu lesi-XNUMX, ama-opera amaningi ka-Agostino Steffani, owayengumhleli wenkantolo kanye “nomqondisi womculo we-chamber” eMunich, kanye nabanye abaqambi base-Italy, enziwa enkundleni yemidlalo yeshashalazi entsha ngokubamba iqhaza kwe-orchestra.

Kusukela ngo-1762, ngokokuqala ngqa, umqondo we-orchestra njengeyunithi ezimele wethulwa ekuphileni kwansuku zonke. Kusukela maphakathi no-70s wekhulu XVIII, umsebenzi ovamile we-Court Orchestra uyaqala, eyenza imidlalo yokuqala eminingi ye-opera ngaphansi kokuqondisa kuka-Andrea Bernasconi. Izinga eliphezulu le-orchestra lathakaselwa nguMozart ngemva komdlalo wokuqala ka-Idomeneo ngo-1781. Ngo-1778, ngokuqala ukubusa eMunich womvoti waseMannheim uKarl Theodor, i-orchestra yaphinde yagcwaliswa ngama-virtuosos adumile esikole saseMannheim. Ngo-1811, i-Academy of Music yasungulwa, eyayihlanganisa namalungu e-Orchestra yaseNkantolo. Kusukela ngaleso sikhathi, i-orchestra yaqala ukuhlanganyela hhayi kuphela emidlalweni ye-opera, kodwa futhi namakhonsathi e-symphony. Ngawo lowo nyaka, iNkosi uMax I yabeka itshe lesisekelo sokwakhiwa kweNational Theatre, eyavulwa ngo-Okthoba 12, 1818.

Ngesikhathi sokubusa kweNkosi uMax I, imisebenzi ye-orchestra yasenkantolo yayihlanganisa ngokulinganayo ukudlala komculo wesonto, waseshashalazini, wekamelo nokuzijabulisa (enkantolo). Ngaphansi kweNkosi uLudwig I ngo-1836, i-orchestra yathola umbhidisi wayo wokuqala (Umqondisi Omkhulu Womculo), uFranz Lachner.

Phakathi nokubusa kweNkosi uLudwig II, umlando we-Orchestra yaseBavaria uhlobene eduze negama likaRichard Wagner. Phakathi kuka-1865 no-1870 kwaba khona imidlalo yokuqala ye-opera yakhe ethi Tristan und Isolde, Die Meistersingers yaseNuremberg (umqhubi uHans von Bülow), uRheingold noValkyrie (umqhubi uFranz Wüllner).

Phakathi kwe-elite eqhubayo yekhulu leminyaka elidlule nesigamu akekho noyedwa umculi ongazange adlale ne-orchestra ye-Bavarian State Opera. Kulandela uFranz Lachner, owahola leli qembu kwaze kwaba ngu-1867, laliholwa nguHans von Bülow, Hermann Levy, Richard Strauss, Felix Mottl, Bruno Walter, Hans Knappertsbusch, Clemens Kraus, Georg Solti, Ferenc Frichai, Josef Keilbert, Wolfgang Sawallisch nabanye. abaqhubi abadumile.

Kusukela ngo-1998 kuya ku-2006, uZubin Mehta wayengumqhubi omkhulu we-orchestra, futhi kusukela ngesizini ka-2006-2007, umbhidisi ovelele waseMelika u-Kent Nagano wathatha isikhundla sokuba ngumbhidisi. Umsebenzi wakhe enkundleni yemidlalo yaseshashalazini yaseMunich waqala ngokukhiqizwa kokuqala kwe-mono-opera yomqambi wangaleso sikhathi waseJalimane u-W. Rim Das Gehege kanye ne-opera ka-R. Strauss ethi Salome. Esikhathini esizayo, i-maestro yenza ubuciko obunjalo bemidlalo ye-opera yomhlaba njenge-Mozart's Idomeneo, i-Khovanshchina ka-Mussorgsky, i-Eugene Onegin ka-Tchaikovsky, i-Wagner's Lohengrin, i-Parsifal ne-Tristan ne-Isolde, i-Electra no-Ariadne auf Naxos »R. , u-Britten's Billy Budd, imidlalo yokuqala ye-opera ethi Alice in Wonderland ka-Unsuk Chin no-Love, Only Love kaMinas Borbudakis.

U-Kent Nagano ubamba iqhaza kuMkhosi we-Summer Opera odumile eMunich, njalo ucula ne-Bavarian State Orchestra kumakhonsathi e-symphony (okwamanje, i-Bavarian State Orchestra iyona yodwa e-Munich ebamba iqhaza kukho kokubili amakhonsathi e-opera namakhonsathi e-symphony). Ngaphansi kobuholi be-maestro Nagano, iqembu lenza emadolobheni aseJalimane, e-Austria, eHungary, lihlanganyela ezinhlelweni ze-internship nezemfundo. Izibonelo zalokhu yi-Opera Studio, i-Orchestra Academy, ne-ATTACCA Youth Orchestra.

U-Kent Nagano uyaqhubeka nokugcwalisa i-discography ecebile yeqembu. Phakathi kwemisebenzi yakamuva kukhona okuqoshiwe kwevidiyo ye-opera ethi Alice in Wonderland kanye ne-Idomeneo, kanye ne-CD yomsindo ene-Fourth Symphony kaBruckner ekhishwe ku-SONY Classical.

Ngaphezu kwemisebenzi yakhe eyinhloko e-Bavarian Opera, u-Kent Nagano ube nguMqondisi Wezobuciko we-Montreal Symphony Orchestra kusukela ngo-2006.

Ngesizini ka-2009-2010, u-Kent Nagano wethula ama-opera ka-Don Giovanni ka-Mozart, i-Tannhauser ka-Wagner, i-Dialogues of the Carmelites ka-Poulenc kanye ne-The Silent Woman ka-R. Strauss.

Umthombo: Iwebhusayithi yaseMoscow Philharmonic