UMark Izrailevich Paverman (Paverman, Mark) |
Powerman, Mark
Umqhubi weSoviet, Umculi Wabantu we-RSFSR (1961). Ngaphambi kokuba umqhubi, uPaverman waqeqeshwa kahle kwezomculo. Kusukela eneminyaka eyisithupha, waqala ukufunda i-violin edolobheni lakubo - Odessa. Ngemva kweNguquko ka-Okthoba, lo mculi osemusha wangena e-Odessa Conservatory, eyabe inegama elibi likaMuzdramin (Isikhungo Somculo neDrama), lapho afunda khona iziyalo zethiyori nezokuqamba kusukela ngo-1923 kuya ku-1925. Manje igama lakhe lingabonakala ebhodini legolide. wokuhlonishwa kwale nyuvesi. Kungaleso sikhathi kuphela lapho uPaverman anquma ukuzinikela ekuqhubeni futhi wangena eMoscow Conservatory, ekilasini likaProfesa K. Saradzhev. Phakathi neminyaka yokufunda (1925-1930), wabuye wathatha izifundo zethiyori ku-AV Aleksandrov, AN Aleksandrov, G. Konyus, M. Ivanov-Boretsky, F. Keneman, E. Kashperova. Phakathi nenkathi yokuqeqeshwa, umfundi onekhono wama endaweni yomqhubi wesifundo sokuqala. Kwenzeka entwasahlobo ka-1927 eHholo Elincane LeConservatory. Ngokushesha ngemva kokuphothula e-Conservatory, uPaverman waqala umsebenzi wakhe wobuchwepheshe. Okokuqala, wangena ku-symphony orchestra ye "Soviet Philharmonic" ( "Sofil", 1930), wabe esesebenza ku-symphony orchestra ye-All-Union Radio (1931-1934).
Ngo-1934, kwenzeka umcimbi empilweni yomculi osemusha owanquma isiphetho sakhe sobuciko iminyaka eminingi. Waya eSverdlovsk, lapho ahlanganyela khona enhlanganweni ye-symphony orchestra ye-Regional Radio Committee futhi waba umqhubi wayo oyinhloko. Ngo-1936, leli qembu laguqulwa laba i-symphony orchestra ye-Sverdlovsk Philharmonic esanda kwakhiwa.
Kusukela ngaleso sikhathi sekudlule iminyaka engaphezu kwamashumi amathathu, futhi yonke le minyaka (ngaphandle kwemine, 1938-1941, eyachithwa eRostov-on-Don), uPaverman uhola i-Orchestra yaseSverdlovsk. Ngalesi sikhathi, iqembu liye lashintsha ngaphezu kokuqashelwa futhi lakhula, laphenduka elinye lama-orchestra angcono kakhulu ezweni. Bonke abaqhubi beSoviet abahamba phambili nabacula ngayedwana bacula naye, futhi kwenziwa imisebenzi ehlukahlukene lapha. Futhi kanye ne-orchestra, ithalenta lombhidisi walo oyinhloko lakhula futhi lavuthwa.
Igama elithi Paverman namuhla laziwa hhayi kuphela ezilalelini zase-Urals, kodwa nakwezinye izifunda zezwe. Ngo-1938 waba umzuzi woMncintiswano Wokuqhuba I-All-Union Wokuqala (umklomelo wesihlanu). Kunamadolobha ambalwa lapho umqhubi engazange avakashe khona - eyedwa noma nethimba lakhe. I-repertoire kaPaverman ebanzi ihlanganisa imisebenzi eminingi. Phakathi kwezimpumelelo ezinhle zomculi, kanye nama-symphonies kaBeethoven noTchaikovsky, yimisebenzi kaRachmaninov, ongomunye wababhali abathandayo bomqhubi. Inani elikhulu lemisebenzi emikhulu yenziwa okokuqala eSverdlovsk ngaphansi kokuqondisa kwakhe.
Izinhlelo zekhonsathi zikaPaverman minyaka yonke zihlanganisa imisebenzi eminingi yomculo wesimanje - iSoviet kanye nezangaphandle. Cishe yonke into edalwe emashumini eminyaka adlule ngabaqambi be-Urals - B. Gibalin, A. Moralev, A. Puzey, B. Toporkov nabanye - ifakwe ku-repertoire yomqhubi. U-Paverman wethula izakhamuzi zaseSverdlovsk futhi emisebenzini eminingi ye-symphonic kaN. Myaskovsky, S. Prokofiev, D. Shostakovich, A. Khachaturian, D. Kabalevsky, M. Chulaki nabanye ababhali.
Umnikelo womqhubi ekwakhiweni kwesiko lomculo we-Urals yaseSoviet mkhulu futhi unezici eziningi. Kuwo wonke la mashumi eminyaka, uhlanganisa imisebenzi yokwenza nokufundisa. Ngaphakathi kwezindonga ze-Ural Conservatory, uProfesa Mark Paverman waqeqesha inqwaba yabaqhubi be-orchestra nabakwaya abasebenza ngempumelelo emadolobheni amaningi ezwe.
L. Grigoriev, J. Platek, ngo-1969
