Niccolò Paganini (Niccolò Paganini) |

Niccolo Paganini

Ingabe lingaba khona elinye ingcweti elinjalo, ukuphila nodumo lwalo kwakuyokhanya libalele kangaka, ingcweti izwe lonke eliyoliqaphela ekukhulekeleni kwalo ngentshiseko njengenkosi yabo bonke abaculi. F. Uhlu

E-Italy, kumasipala waseGenoa, kugcinwa ivayolini ekhazimulayo kaPaganini, ayishiyela edolobheni lakubo. Kanye ngonyaka, ngokwesiko elimisiwe, abadlali bevayolini abadume kakhulu emhlabeni badlala kuyo. UPaganini wabiza ivayolini ngokuthi “ingono yami” - yile ndlela umculi azwakalise ngayo ukubamba iqhaza kwakhe enhlanganweni yenkululeko kazwelonke e-Italy, eyenzeka engxenyeni yokuqala yesithathu yekhulu lesi-XNUMX. Ubuciko obumangele, obuvukelayo bomdlali wevayolini baphakamisa umoya wokushisekela izwe lamaNtaliyane, bababiza ukuba balwe nokungabi namthetho kwezenhlalo. Ngenxa yokuzwelana nenhlangano yeCarbonari nezitatimende ezimelene nabefundisi, uPaganini waqanjwa ngokuthi “uGenoese Jacobin” futhi washushiswa abefundisi bamaKatolika. Amakhonsathi akhe ayevamise ukuvalwa ngamaphoyisa, ayengaphansi kwawo.

UPaganini wazalelwa emndenini womthengisi omncane. Kusukela eneminyaka emine ubudala, i-mandolin, i-violin nesiginci baba abangane bokuphila bomculi. Othisha bomqambi wesikhathi esizayo kwakunguyise okokuqala, umthandi omkhulu womculo, kwase kuba ngu-J. Costa, umculi wevayolini weCathhedral yaseSan Lorenzo. Ikhonsathi yokuqala kaPaganini yenzeka lapho eneminyaka engu-11 ubudala. Phakathi kwezingoma ezenziwe, ukuhlukahluka komculi osemusha ngengqikithi yengoma yesiFulentshi yenguquko ethi "Carmagnola" nayo yenziwa.

Ngokushesha igama elithi Paganini laziwa kabanzi. Wanikeza amakhonsathi eNyakatho ye-Italy, kusukela ngo-1801 kuya ku-1804 wayehlala eTuscany. Kungalesi sikhathi lapho ukudalwa kwe-caprices edumile ye-violin eyedwa kungokwakho. Ngesikhathi sokudlondlobala kodumo lwakhe, uPaganini washintsha umsebenzi wakhe wekhonsathi iminyaka eminingana waba yinkonzo yasenkantolo eLucca (1805-08), okwathi ngemva kwalokho waphinda futhi ekugcineni wabuyela ekusebenzeni ekhonsathini. Kancane kancane, udumo lwePaganini lwadlulela ngalé kwe-Italy. Abaningi be-violin baseYurophu beza ukuzokala amandla abo naye, kodwa akekho kubo owayengaba umncintiswano wakhe ofanelekayo.

Ubuhle bukaPaganini babumangalisa, umthelela wayo ezilalelini uyamangalisa futhi awuchazeki. Kubantu ababephila ngaleso sikhathi, wayebonakala eyimfihlakalo, eyisimanga. Abanye babembheka njengongqondongqondo, abanye umkhohlisi; igama lakhe laqala ukuthola izinganekwane ezihlukahlukene ezimnandi ngesikhathi sokuphila kwakhe. Kodwa-ke, lokhu kube lula kakhulu ukuvela kokubukeka kwakhe "kobudemoni" kanye neziqephu zothando ze-biography yakhe ezihlobene namagama abesifazane abaningi abahloniphekile.

Lapho eneminyaka engu-46, ekuphakameni kodumo lwakhe, uPaganini wahamba ngaphandle kwe-Italy okokuqala. Amakhonsathi akhe eYurophu abangela ukuhlolwa okujabulisayo kwabaculi abahamba phambili. U-F. Schubert no-G. Heine, W. Goethe no-O. Balzac, E. Delacroix no-TA Hoffmann, R. Schumann, F. Chopin, G. Berlioz, G. Rossini, J. Meyerbeer nabanye abaningi babengaphansi kwethonya le-violin ePhaganini. Imisindo yakhe ingenise inkathi entsha kwezobuciko bokudlala. Isenzakalo samaPaganini saba nethonya elinamandla emsebenzini kaF. Liszt, owabiza umdlalo wengcweti yaseNtaliyane ngokuthi “isimangaliso esingaphezu kwemvelo.”

Uhambo lukaPaganini lwaseYurophu lwathatha iminyaka eyi-10. Wabuyela kwelakubo esegula kakhulu. Ngemva kokufa kukaPaganini, i-curia yamapapa isikhathi eside ayizange inikeze imvume yokungcwatshwa kwakhe e-Italy. Eminyakeni eminingi kamuva, umlotha womculi wathunyelwa eParma futhi wangcwatshwa lapho.

Ummeleli ogqamile we-romanticism emculweni wePaganini ngesikhathi esifanayo wayengumculi wezwe ojulile. Umsebenzi wakhe uvela kakhulu emasikweni obuciko abantu base-Italy kanye nobuciko bomculo obuchwepheshile.

Imisebenzi yomqambi isazwakala kabanzi esiteji sekhonsathi, iqhubeka nokuheha abalaleli nge-cantilena engapheli, izici ze-virtuoso, uthando, umcabango ongenamkhawulo ekuvezeni amathuba okudlala i-violin. Imisebenzi kaPaganini evame ukwenziwa kakhulu ihlanganisa i-Campanella (I-Bell), i-rondo evela ku-Second Violin Concerto, kanye ne-First Violin Concerto.

I-"24 Capricci" edumile ye-violin solo isabhekwa njengempumelelo enkulu yama-violinists. Hlala ku-repertoire yabadlali kanye nokuhluka okuthile kwePaganini - ezindikimbeni ze-operas "Cinderella", "Tancred", "Moses" kaG. Rossini, esihlokweni se-ballet ethi "The Wedding of Benevento" kaF. U-Süssmeier (umqambi ubize lo msebenzi ngokuthi “Abathakathi”), kanye nezingoma ezinhle kakhulu “I-Carnival of Venice” kanye “Nokunyakaza Okungapheli”.

I-Paganini yayingagcini nje ngokudlala i-violin, kodwa futhi isiginci. Izingoma zakhe eziningi, ezibhalelwe i-violin nesiginci, zisafakiwe ku-repertoire yabadlali.

Umculo kaPaganini wakhuthaza abaqambi abaningi. Eminye yemisebenzi yakhe ihlelelwe upiyano nguLiszt, Schumann, K. Riemanovsky. Izingoma zikaCampanella kanye ne-Twenty-four Caprice zakha isisekelo samalungiselelo kanye nokuhlukahluka kwabaqambi bezizukulwane ezihlukahlukene kanye nezikole: Liszt, Chopin, I. Brahms, S. Rachmaninov, V. Lutoslavsky. Isithombe esifanayo sothando somculi sithathwe nguG. Heine endabeni yakhe ethi "Florentine Nights".

I. Vetlitsyna

Uzalelwe emndenini womthengisi omncane, umthandi womculo. Esemncane, wafunda kuyise ukudlala i-mandolin, kwase kuba i-violin. Isikhathi esithile wafunda noJ. Costa, umshayi-vayolini wokuqala weSonto LaseSan Lorenzo. Lapho eneminyaka engu-11, wanikeza ikhonsathi ezimele eGenoa (phakathi kwemisebenzi eyenziwayo - ukuhluka kwakhe engomeni yenguquko yesiFulentshi "Carmagnola"). Ngo-1797-98 wanikeza amakhonsathi eNyakatho ye-Italy. Ngo-1801-04 wayehlala eTuscany, ngo-1804-05 - eGenoa. Phakathi nale minyaka, wabhala "i-Capricci engu-24" ye-violin eyedwa, i-sonatas ye-violin ehambisana nesiginci, ama-quartet ezintambo (ngesiginci). Ngemva kokukhonza enkantolo eLucca (1805-08), uPaganini wazinikela ngokuphelele emsebenzini wekhonsathi. Phakathi namakhonsathi eMilan (1815), kwaba nomncintiswano phakathi kukaPaganini nomdlali wevayolini ongumFulentshi uC. Lafont, owavuma ukuthi wayehluliwe. Kwakuwukubonakaliswa komzabalazo okwenzeka phakathi kwesikole sakudala sakudala kanye nokuthambekela kwezothando (okulandelayo, umncintiswano ofanayo emkhakheni wobuciko bepiyano wenzeka eParis phakathi kukaF. Liszt noZ. Thalberg). Imidlalo kaPaganini (kusukela ngo-1828) e-Austria, eCzech Republic, eJalimane, eFrance, eNgilandi nakwamanye amazwe yavusa ugqozi oluvela kubantu abavelele kwezobuciko (Liszt, R. Schumann, H. Heine, nabanye) futhi yamsungulela inkazimulo ye-virtuoso engenakuqhathaniswa. Ubuntu bukaPaganini babuzungezwe izinganekwane ezinhle, ezaqhutshwa ukuvela kokubukeka kwakhe "kobudemoni" neziqephu zothando ze-biography yakhe. Abefundisi bamaKatolika bashushisa uPaganini ngenxa yezinkulumo ezimelene nabefundisi nokuzwelana nenhlangano yeCarbonari. Ngemva kokufa kukaPaganini, i-curia kapapa ayizange inikeze imvume yokungcwatshwa kwakhe e-Italy. Eminyakeni eminingi kamuva, umlotha wasePaganini wathunyelwa eParma. Isithombe sikaPaganini sathwetshulwa nguG. Heine endabeni ethi Florentine Nights (1836).

Umsebenzi othuthukayo wePaganini ungenye yezibonakaliso ezigqamile zokuthandana komculo, okwasakazeka kabanzi kwezobuciko base-Italy (kuhlanganise nama-operas wokushisekela izwe ka-G. Rossini no-V. Bellini) ngaphansi kwethonya lenhlangano yenkululeko kazwelonke ye-10-30s. . Ikhulu le-19 Ubuciko bePaganini babuhlobene ngezindlela eziningi nomsebenzi wama-romantics aseFrance: umqambi uG. Berlioz (uPaganini owaba ngowokuqala ukuwazisa kakhulu futhi amsekela ngenkuthalo), umdwebi u-E. Delacroix, imbongi u-V. Hugo. UPaganini uhehe izethameli ngezinhlelo zakhe zokusebenza, ukugqama kwezithombe zakhe, izindiza eziwubukhazikhazi, umehluko omangalisayo, kanye nobubanzi obumangalisayo bokudlala kwakhe. Ngobuciko bakhe, okuthiwa. izici ezibonisiwe zamahhala zesitayela se-Italian folk improvisational. UPaganini waba ngumdlali wevayolini wokuqala ukwenza izinhlelo zekhonsathi ngekhanda. Ethula ngesibindi amasu amasha okudlala, enothisa amathuba ombala wensimbi, i-Paganini yandisa indawo yethonya lobuciko be-violin, yabeka izisekelo zendlela yesimanje yokudlala i-violin. Wasebenzisa kabanzi lonke uhla lwensimbi, wasebenzisa ukwelula iminwe, ukweqa, izinhlobonhlobo zamasu amanothi amabili, ama-harmonics, i-pizzicato, imivimbo ye-percussive, ukudlala ngentambo eyodwa. Eminye yemisebenzi kaPaganini inzima kangangokuthi ngemva kokufa kwakhe yayibhekwa njengengadlalwa isikhathi eside (u-Y. Kubelik wayengowokuqala ukuyidlala).

UPaganini ungumbungazi ovelele. Izingoma zakhe zihlukaniswa nge-plasticity kanye nokumnandi kwezingoma, isibindi sokuguquguquka. Kwifa lakhe lokudala kugqame "24 capricci" ye-violin op eyedwa. 1 (kwezinye zazo, ngokwesibonelo, ku-capriccio yama-21, kusetshenziswa izimiso ezintsha zokuthuthukiswa komculo, kulindelwe amasu ka-Liszt no-R. Wagner), amakhonsathi woku-1 no-2 we-violin ne-orchestra (D-dur, 1811; h -moll, 1826; ingxenye yokugcina yokugcina idume "Campanella"). Ukwehluka kwe-opera, i-ballet nezindikimba zomdabu, imisebenzi ye-chamber-instrumental, njll., kwadlala indima ebalulekile emsebenzini kaPaganini. I-virtuoso evelele yesiginci, uPaganini wabhala nezingcezu ezingaba ngu-200 zalolu thuluzi.

Encwadini yakhe yokuqamba, uPaganini usebenza njengomculi kazwelonke ojulile, ethembele emasikweni esintu obuciko bomculo base-Italy. Imisebenzi ayidalile, ephawulwe ngokuzimela kwesitayela, isibindi sokuthungwa, kanye nokusungula izinto ezintsha, yasebenza njengesiqalo sayo yonke intuthuko eyalandela yobuciko be-violin. Ihlotshaniswa namagama ka-Liszt, F. Chopin, Schumann kanye no-Berlioz, uguquko ekusebenzeni kwepiyano kanye nobuciko bezinsimbi, olwaqala ngeminyaka yama-30s. Ikhulu le-19, labangelwa kakhulu ithonya lobuciko bukaPaganini. Kuphinde kwaba nomthelela ekwakhiweni kolimi olusha lwe-melodic, isici somculo wothando. Umthelela wePaganini ulandelwa ngokungaqondile ekhulwini lama-20. (Ikhonsathi yokuqala ye-violin ne-orchestra ka-Prokofiev; ivayolini enjalo isebenza njengokuthi “Izinganekwane” ka-Szymanowski, inganekwane yekhonsathi ethi “Gypsy” kaRavel). Eminye yemisebenzi kaPaganini yevayolini ihlelelwe upiyano nguLiszt, Schumann, I. Brahms, SV Rachmaninov.

Kusukela ngo-1954, umncintiswano we-Paganini International Violin ubulokhu ubanjelwa minyaka yonke eGenoa.

I-IM Yampolsky

Ngaleyo minyaka lapho uRossini noBellini bevusa ukunaka komphakathi womculo, i-Italy yabeka phambili umshayi we-vioso okhaliphile nomqambi uNiccolò Paganini. Ubuciko bakhe bube nomthelela obonakalayo esikweni lomculo lekhulu lesi-XNUMX.

Ngezinga elifanayo nabaqambi be-opera, uPaganini wakhulela ezweni lezwe. I-Italy, indawo okwazalelwa kuyo i-opera, ngesikhathi esifanayo yayiyisikhungo sosiko lwasendulo lwezinsimbi. Emuva ngekhulu lesi-XNUMX, kwavela isikole se-violin esihle lapho, esimelwe amagama kaLegrenzi, Marini, Veracini, Vivaldi, Corelli, Tartini. Ukuthuthuka eduze nobuciko be-opera, umculo wevayolini wase-Italy wathatha indlela yawo yentando yeningi.

Ubumnandi bengoma, umbuthano wesici wamaphimbo, "ikhonsathi" egqamile, i-symmetry yepulasitiki yefomu - konke lokhu kwenzeka ngaphansi kwethonya elingangabazeki le-opera.

Lawa masiko asetshenziswayo ayephila ekupheleni kwekhulu lesi-XNUMX. UPaganini, owadlula abanduleli bakhe nababephila ngesikhathi sakhe, wakhanya eqoqweni elihle lama-violinists avelele njengoViotti, Rode nabanye.

Ukubaluleka okungavamile kwePaganini akuhlangene nje kuphela nokuthi ngokusobala wayeyi-violin virtuoso enkulu kunazo zonke emlandweni womculo. UPaganini muhle, okokuqala nje, njengomdali wesitayela esisha, sokwenza ezothando. NjengoRossini noBellini, ubuciko bakhe busebenze njengendlela yokubonisa uthando olusebenzayo olwavela e-Italy ngaphansi kwethonya lemibono yenkululeko ethandwayo. Inqubo emangalisayo yePaganini, ngemva kokudlula zonke izinkambiso ze-violin, yahlangabezana nezidingo ezintsha zobuciko. Ubumnene bakhe obukhulu, inkulumo edwetshelwe, ukunotha okumangalisayo kokuhlukahluka kwemizwa kwaveza amasu amasha, imiphumela enemibala engakaze ibonwe ngaphambili.

Imvelo yothando yemisebenzi eminingi ye-Paganini ye-violin (kukhona engu-80 yayo, okungama-20 yayo engakashicilelwa) ngokuyinhloko ngenxa yenqolobane ekhethekile yokusebenza kwe-virtuoso. Emagugu okudala ePaganini kunemisebenzi eheha ukunaka ngokuguquguquka kwesibindi kanye nokuvela kokuthuthukiswa komculo, okusikhumbuza umculo kaLiszt noWagner (ngokwesibonelo, i-Twenty-first Capriccio). Kodwa noma kunjalo, into eyinhloko emisebenzini ye-violin kaPaganini iwubuhle, obucindezela ngokungapheli imingcele yokuvezwa kobuciko bezinsimbi zesikhathi sakhe. Imisebenzi eshicilelwe yePaganini ayinikezi isithombe esiphelele somsindo wabo wangempela, ngoba into ebaluleke kakhulu yesitayela sokwenza umlobi wabo kwakuyifantasy yamahhala ngendlela yokuthuthukiswa kwabantu base-Italy. UPaganini waboleka iningi lemiphumela yakhe kubadlali bomdabu. Kuyisici ukuthi abameleli besikole esiqinile (isibonelo, i-Spurs) babone emdlalweni wakhe izici ze-"buffoonery". Kuyaphawuleka ngokufanayo ukuthi, njengoba virtuoso, Paganini wabonisa genius kuphela lapho enza imisebenzi yakhe siqu.

Ubuntu obungavamile bukaPaganini, isithombe sakhe sonke "somculi wamahhala" sasihambisana kahle nemibono yenkathi mayelana nomculi wothando. Ukungayinaki kwakhe imihlangano yezwe nokuzwelana nabantu abaphansi, ukuzulazula ebusheni bakhe nokuzulazula kude eminyakeni yakhe yokukhula, ukubukeka okungajwayelekile “kobudemoni” futhi ekugcineni, ubuhlakani obungaqondakali bokwenza kwakhe kwaveza izinganekwane ngaye. . Abefundisi bamaKatolika bamshushisa uPaganini ngenxa yezinkulumo zakhe ezimelene nabefundisi nangokuzwelana kwakhe namaCarbonari. Kwafika ekumangaleleni okungajwayelekile “kokwethembeka kukadeveli”.

Umcabango kaHeine obusankondlo, lapho echaza umbono wemilingo wokudlala kukaPaganini, udweba isithombe semvelaphi engaphezu kwemvelo yethalente lakhe.

UPaganini wazalelwa eGenoa ngo-October 27, 1782. Uyise wafundiswa ukudlala ivayolini. Lapho eneminyaka eyisishiyagalolunye, uPaganini wabonakala okokuqala emphakathini, enza okuhlukile ngendikimba yengoma yesiFulentshi ethi Carmagnola. Lapho eneminyaka eyishumi nantathu wenza uhambo lwakhe lokuqala lwekhonsathi eLombardy. Ngemva kwalokhu, uPaganini wagxila ekuhlanganiseni imisebenzi ye-violin ngesitayela esisha. Ngaphambi kwalokho, wafunda ukuqamba izinyanga eziyisithupha kuphela, eqamba amafugue angamashumi amabili nane ngalesi sikhathi. Phakathi kuka-1801 no-1804, uPaganini waba nesithakazelo ekuhlanganiseni isiginci (wadala izingcezu ezingaba ngu-200 zalolu thuluzi). Ngaphandle kwalesi sikhathi seminyaka emithathu, lapho engazange avele esiteji, uPaganini, kuze kube yilapho eneminyaka engamashumi amane nanhlanu, wanikeza amakhonsathi kabanzi futhi ngempumelelo enkulu e-Italy. Isilinganiso sokudlala kwakhe singahlulelwa ngokuthi ngesizini eyodwa ngo-1813 wanikeza amakhonsathi angaba ngamashumi amane eMilan.

Uhambo lwakhe lokuqala ngaphandle kwezwe lwenzeka kuphela ngo-1828 (Vienna, Warsaw, Dresden, Leipzig, Berlin, Paris, London kanye namanye amadolobha). Lolu hambo lwamlethela udumo emhlabeni wonke. I-Paganini yenza okumangalisayo emphakathini kanye nakubaculi abahamba phambili. E-Vienna - Schubert, eWarsaw - Chopin, eLeipzig - Schumann, eParis - uLiszt noBerlioz bakhangwa ithalente lakhe. Ngo-1831, njengabadwebi abaningi, uPaganini wazinza eParis, ekhangwa impilo enesiyaluyalu yezenhlalo nezobuciko yale nhloko-dolobha yamazwe ngamazwe. Wahlala lapho iminyaka emithathu futhi wabuyela e-Italy. Ukugula kwaphoqa uPaganini ukuthi anciphise kakhulu inani lemidlalo. Wafa ngoMeyi 27, 1840.

Ithonya likaPaganini libonakala kakhulu emkhakheni womculo we-violin, lapho enza khona inguquko yangempela. Okubaluleke kakhulu kwaba umthelela wakhe kubadlali beviolin baseBelgium naseFrance.

Nokho, ngisho nangaphandle kwale ndawo, ubuciko bukaPaganini bushiye uphawu oluhlala njalo. U-Schumann, uLiszt, u-Brahms uhlele izifundo zikaPaganini zepiyano emsebenzini wakhe obaluleke kakhulu - "24 capriccios for solo violin" op. 1, okusho ukuthi, i-encyclopedia yamasu akhe amasha okwenza.

(Amasu amaningi athuthukiswe uPaganini awukuthuthukiswa kwesibindi kwezimiso zobuchwepheshe ezitholakala kumanduleli ePaganini nasezenzweni zabantu. Lokhu kufaka phakathi lokhu okulandelayo: izinga elingakaze libonwe lokusebenzisa imisindo ye-harmonic, okuholele kokubili ekwandiseni okukhulu kobubanzi bemisindo. ivayolini kanye nasekuthuthukisweni okubalulekile kwe-timbre yayo; ebolekwe kumdlali wevayolini wekhulu lesi-XNUMX i-Bieber izinhlelo ezahlukene zokulungisa ivayolini ukuze kuzuzwe imiphumela ecashile enemibala; kusetshenziswa umsindo we-pizzicato nokudlala ngomnsalo ngasikhathi sinye: ukudlala hhayi kabili kuphela. , kodwa namanothi amathathu; i-chromatic glissandos ngomunwe owodwa, inhlobonhlobo yamasu omnsalo, okuhlanganisa i-staccato ; ukusebenza kuyunithi yezinhlamvu eyodwa; ukwandisa ububanzi beyunithi yezinhlamvu yesine ukuya kuma-octave amathathu nezinye.)

Ama-piano etudes kaChopin nawo adalwe ngaphansi kwethonya likaPaganini. Futhi nakuba ngesitayela se-pianistic sikaChopin kunzima ukubona ukuxhumana okuqondile namasu kaPaganini, nokho kuyena ukuthi uChopin unesikweletu sokuhumusha kwakhe okusha kohlobo lwe-etude. Ngakho-ke, i-pianism yothando, eyavula inkathi entsha emlandweni wokusebenza kwepiyano, ngokungangabazeki yaqala ukuthonywa isitayela esisha se-virtuoso sikaPaganini.

VD Konen

Ukwakhiwa:

okwevayolini eyedwa - 24 capricci op. 1 (1801-07; ed. Mil., 1820), isingeniso kanye nokwehluka Njengoba inhliziyo ima (Nel cor piu non mi sento, endikimbeni evela kuPaisiello ethi La Belle Miller, 1820 noma 1821); ye-violin ne-orchestra - amakhonsathi ama-5 (D-dur, op. 6, 1811 noma 1817-18; h-minor, op. 7, 1826, ed. P., 1851; E-dur, without op., 1826; d-moll, ngaphandle op., 1830, ed. Mil., 1954; a-moll, yaqala ngo-1830), 8 sonatas (1807-28, kuhlanganise Napoleon, 1807, string eyodwa; Spring, Primavera, 1838 noma 1839), Perpetual Motion (Il moto perpetuo, op. 11, emva kuka-1830), Izinguquko (Umthakathi, La streghe, endikimbeni evela ku-Süssmayr's Marriage of Benevento, op. 8, 1813; Umthandazo, Preghiera, endikimbeni evela kuMose kaRossini, kuchungechunge olulodwa, 1818 noma 1819; angisazizwa ngidangele eziko, Non piu mesta accanto al fuoco, endikimbeni evela ku-Rossini's Cinderella, op. Rossini's Tancred, op.12, cishe 1819); ye-viola ne-orchestra - i-sonata ye-viola enkulu (mhlawumbe ngo-1834); ye-violin nesiginci - 6 sonatas, op. 2 (1801-06), 6 sonatas, op. 3 (1801-06), Cantabile (d-moll, ed. for skr. kanye fp., W., 1922); yesiginci kanye ne-violin – sonata (1804, ed. Fr. / M., 1955/56), Grand Sonata (ed. Lpz. – W., 1922); ama-ensembles wezinsimbi zegumbi - Ikhonsathi emithathu ye-viola, vlc. kanye neziginci (Spanish 1833, ed. 1955-56), 3 quartets, op. 4 (1802-05, ed. Mil., 1820), 3 quartets, op. 5 (1802-05, ed. Mil., 1820) kanye ne-15 quartet (1818-20; ed. quartet No. 7, Fr./M., 1955/56) ye-violin, i-viola, isiginci kanye namazwi, amaquartet angu-3 2 skr., i-viola kanye ne-vlc. (1800s, ed. quartet E-dur, Lpz., 1840s); izinsimbi zomculo, izingoma zezwi, njll.

References:

Yampolsky I., Paganini - guitarist, "SM", 1960, No 9; eyakhe, uNicolò Paganini. Ukuphila nokudala, M., 1961, 1968 (notography kanye ne-chronograph); eyakhe, uCapricci N. Paganini, M., 1962 (B-ka umlaleli wamakhonsathi); Palmin AG, Niccolo Paganini. 1782-1840. Umdwebo omfushane wokuphila komuntu. Incwadi Yentsha, L., 1961.