I-Shamisen: incazelo yensimbi, ukwakheka, umlando, umsindo, ukusetshenziswa

Umculo udlala indima ebalulekile esikweni lesizwe sama-Japan. Esikhathini samanje sekuyinsakavukela umchilo wesidwaba amasiko afika eLangeni Liphuma emazweni ahlukene. I-Shamisen iyinsimbi yomculo eyingqayizivele edlalwa eJapane kuphela. Igama lihunyushwa ngokuthi "izintambo ezi-3", futhi ngaphandle lifana nelute yendabuko.

Yini i-shamisen

NgeNkathi Ephakathi, ababalisi bezindaba, abahlabeleli nabesifazane abayizimpumputhe abazulazula babedlala emigwaqweni yasemadolobheni namadolobhana ngensimbi yomculo enezintambo ezikhishiwe, umsindo wayo owawuxhomeke ngokuqondile ekhonweni lomdlali. Ingabonakala emidwebeni emidala ezandleni zama-geisha amahle. Badlala umculo omnandi besebenzisa iminwe yesandla sabo sokudla kanye ne-plectrum, into ekhethekile yokushaya izintambo.

I-Sami (njengoba amaJapane ebiza insimbi ngothando) iyi-analogue yelute yaseYurophu. Umsindo wayo uhlukaniswa ne-timbre ebanzi, encike kubude bezintambo. Umdlali ngamunye uzilungisela i-shamisen, eyandise noma ayifinyeze. Ibanga - 2 noma 4 octaves.

Idivayisi yethuluzi

Ilungu lomndeni wentambo ehlutshiwe liqukethe isigubhu esiyisikwele se-resonator nentamo ende. Kudonswa izintambo ezintathu kuwo. Igolo alinankinga. Ekugcineni kunebhokisi elinezikhonkwane ezintathu ezinde. Zikhumbuza izinwele zezinwele ezisetshenziswa abesifazane baseJapane ukuhlobisa izinwele zabo. I-headstock igobe kancane emuva. Ubude besami buyahlukahluka. I-shamisen yendabuko icishe ibe ngamasentimitha angama-80 ubude.

I-Shamisen noma i-Sangen inesakhiwo esingavamile somzimba we-resonator. Lapho kwakhiwa ezinye izinsimbi zomculo wesintu, ngokuvamile yayigojwa okhunini olulodwa. Endabeni ye-shamisen, isigubhu siyagoqa, siqukethe amapuleti amane okhuni. Lokhu kwenza ezokuthutha zibe lula. Amapuleti enziwe nge-quince, mulberry, sandalwood.

Ngenkathi abanye abantu bemboza umzimba wezinsimbi zomculo ezinezintambo ngesikhumba senyoka, amaJapane ayesebenzisa isikhumba sekati noma senja ekwenzeni i-shamisen. Emzimbeni ngaphansi kwezintambo, umkhawulo we-coma ufakiwe. Ubukhulu bayo buthinta i-timbre. Izintambo ezintathu ziwusilika noma inayiloni. Ukusuka ngezansi, anamathiselwe ku-rack ngezintambo ze-neo.

Ungadlala ilute yaseJapane enezintambo ezintathu ngeminwe yakho noma nge-bati plectrum. Yenziwe ngokhuni, ipulasitiki, amathambo ezilwane, igobolondo lofudu. Unqenqema lokusebenza lukababa lubukhali, umumo unxantathu.

Umlando wemvelaphi

Ngaphambi kokuba abe ithuluzi lomdabu laseJapan, i-shamisen yathatha uhambo olude isuka eMpumalanga Ephakathi inqamula lonke elase-Asia. Ekuqaleni, wathandana nezakhamuzi zaseziqhingini zase-Okinawa yanamuhla, kamuva wathuthela eJapane. I-Sami ayizange yamukelwe yi-aristocracy yaseJapane isikhathi eside. Ithuluzi lahlukaniswa ngokuthi "eliphansi", kubhekwa njengesibaluli sama-blind goze vagrants nama-geisha.

Ekuqaleni kwekhulu lesi-XNUMX, inkathi ye-Edo yaqala, ephawulwa ukukhula komnotho kanye nokudlondlobala kwesiko. Shamisen wangena ngokuqinile kuzo zonke izingqimba lokusungula: izinkondlo, umculo, yaseshashalazini, imidwebo. Akukho nokukodwa okudlalwa etiyetha yomdabu yase-Kabuki nase-Bunraku engakwenza ngaphandle komsindo wayo.

Ukudlala isami bekuyingxenye yezifundo ze-maiko eziyimpoqo. I-geisha ngayinye yekota ye-Yoshiwara kwadingeka ifunde kahle ilute yaseJapane enezintambo ezintathu ukuze ifinyelele ekupheleleni.

izinhlobonhlobo

Ukuhlukaniswa kwe-Shamisen kusekelwe kubukhulu bentamo. Umsindo ne-timbre kuncike kusayizi wayo. Kunezinhlobo ezintathu:

• I-Futozao - ngokujwayelekile ukudlala leli thuluzi sekujwayelekile ezifundazweni ezisenyakatho ye-Japan. I-plectrum inkulu ngosayizi, intamo ibanzi, iwugqinsi. Ukusebenza kwezingoma ku-shami futozao kungenzeka kuphela kuma-virtuoso eqiniso.
• I-Chuzao - isetshenziswa emculweni we-chamber, idrama kanye nethiyetha yopopayi. Intamo iphakathi ngosayizi.
• I-Hosozao iyithuluzi lokuxoxa lendabuko elinentamo encane, encane.

Umehluko phakathi kwezinhlobo ezahlukene ze-shami usekhoneni lapho intamo ixhunywe khona emzimbeni, kanye nosayizi webhodi leminwe lapho izintambo zicindezelwa khona.

Ukusebenzisa

Akunakwenzeka ukucabanga amasiko kazwelonke wezwe leLanga eliphumayo ngaphandle komsindo we-shamisen. Insimbi izwakala kumaqoqo ezinganekwane, ngamaholide asemaphandleni, kumatiyetha, amafilimu afakiwe, i-anime. Isetshenziswa ngisho namaqembu e-jazz nama-avant-garde.

Idlalwa kanjani i-shamisen

Isici esihlukile sensimbi yikhono lokushintsha i-timbre. Indlela eyinhloko yokukhipha umsindo ngokushaya izintambo nge-plectrum. Kodwa, uma umenzi kanyekanye ethinta izintambo ebhodini leminwe ngesandla sakhe sobunxele, khona-ke umsindo uba nenhle kakhulu. Intambo engezansi ye-savary ibaluleke kakhulu kwezobuciko bokudlala. Ukuyikha kukuvumela ukuthi ukhiphe inqwaba yamathoni nomsindo omncane ocebisa umculo. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, umugqa wezwi womxoxi noma umculi kufanele uhambisane ngangokunokwenzeka nomsindo we-sami, kancane ngaphambi komculo.

I-Shamisen ayiyona nje insimbi yomculo, ihlanganisa amasiko eminyaka ubudala, umlando waseJapane, namagugu amasiko abantu. Umsindo wayo uhambisana nezakhamuzi zezwe kusukela ekuzalweni kuze kube sekufeni, unikeza intokozo futhi uhlabelele ngozwela ngezikhathi zosizi.