Арвид Кришевич Янсонс (Arvid Jansons) |
U-Arvid Jansons
Umculi Wabantu we-USSR (1976), owawina uMklomelo kaStalin (1951), uyise kaMaris Jansons. Mayelana neqembu lomculo we-symphony le-Leningrad Philharmonic, umfowabo omncane weqembu elihlonishwayo le-republic, u-V. Solovyov-Sedoy wake wabhala: “Thina, baqambi bamaSoviet, le orchestra ithandwa kakhulu. Mhlawumbe alikho nelilodwa iqembu le-symphony ezweni elinaka kakhulu umculo waseSoviet njenge-orchestra ebizwa ngokuthi "yesibili" ye-philharmonic. I-repertoire yakhe ihlanganisa inqwaba yemisebenzi yabaqambi baseSoviet. Ubungane obukhethekile buxhuma le orchestra nabaqambi baseLeningrad. Izingoma zabo eziningi beziculwa yile orchestra.” Imaki ephezulu! Futhi iqembu belifaneleka kakhulu ngenxa yomsebenzi wokuzikhandla womqhubi u-Arvid Jansons.
Kuphela ekuqaleni kweminyaka engamashumi amahlanu Jansons wafika Leningrad. Futhi kuze kube yileso sikhathi impilo yakhe yokudala yayihlangene neLatvia. Wazalelwa eLiepaja futhi waqala imfundo yakhe yomculo lapha, efunda ukudlala ivayolini. Ngisho nangaleso sikhathi wakhangwa ukushaya, kodwa edolobheni elincane kwakungekho ochwepheshe ezidingekayo, futhi umculi osemusha wafunda ngokuzimela inqubo yokuphatha orchestra, instrumentation kanye theory. Ngaleso sikhathi, wayesekwazi ukujwayelana nekhono labaqhubi bezokuvakasha, edlala ku-orchestra yendlu ye-opera ngaphansi kokuqondisa kukaL. Blech, E. Kleiber, G. Abendroth. Futhi ngenkathi ye-1939-1940, umculi osemusha ngokwakhe wema ngemuva kwekhonsoli okokuqala ngqa. Nokho, umsebenzi wokuqondisa ohleliwe waqala ngo-1944 kuphela, ngemva kokuba uJansons elungise ivayolini yakhe eRiga Conservatory.
Ngo-1946, uJagasons wawina umklomelo wesibili ku-All-Union Conductors Review futhi waqala umsebenzi wekhonsathi obanzi. Kwakuyi-symphonic conduction okwaba wubizo lwakhe lwangempela. Ngo-1952 waba umqhubi weLeningrad Philharmonic, futhi kusukela ngo-1962 uye waba inhloko ye-orchestra yayo yesibili. Umculi uhlala enza neqembu elihlonishwayo le-republic, kanye nama-orchestra amakhulu aseSoviet nawakwamanye amazwe. Uvame ukumela ubuciko bethu phesheya; UJansons wayezithanda ngokukhethekile izilaleli zaseJapane, lapho ayecula khona ngokuphindaphindiwe.
UJansons ubizwa ngokufanele ngokuthi umsakazi womculo wamaSoviet. Amanoveli amaningi aqala ukwenziwa ngaphansi kokuqondisa kwakhe - imisebenzi ka-A. Petrov, G. Ustvolskaya, M. Zarin, B. Klyuzner, B. Arapov, A. Chernov, S. Slonimsky nabanye. Kodwa-ke, lokhu akuqedi i-repertoire ebanzi yomculi. Nakuba ngokulinganayo evame ukuphendukela emculweni wezindlela ezihlukahlukene, imisebenzi yohlelo lothando iseduze kakhulu nemvelo yakhe engacabangi. “Uma sisebenzisa izifaniso,” kubhala isazi somculo uV. Bogdanov-Berezovsky, “ngingasho ukuthi “izwi eliqhubayo” likaJansons liyi-tenor. Futhi, ngaphezu kwalokho, i-lyrical, kodwa i-timbre enesibindi kanye nenkondlo, kodwa imisho eqinile. Uphumelela kakhulu emidlalweni yokushuba okukhulu kwemizwa kanye nemidwebo yezinkondlo, yokucabangela.
L. Grigoriev, J. Platek, ngo-1969
