UJohn Browning |

UJohn Browning

Ikota yekhulu leminyaka edlule, inqwaba yama-epithets ashisekayo abhekiswe kulo mculi angatholakala emaphephandabeni aseMelika. Ngokwesibonelo, esinye sezihloko ezikhuluma ngaye kuyi-New York Times sasinale migqa elandelayo: “Umshayi wopiyano waseMelika uJohn Browning wakhuphuka wafinyelela izinga eliphakeme kunawo wonke emsebenzini wakhe ngemva kokucula ngokunqoba nawo wonke ama-orchestra angcono kakhulu kuwo wonke amadolobha aphambili e-United States EYurophu. I-Browning ingenye yezinkanyezi ezikhanyayo kakhulu emthaleni we-pianism yaseMelika. " Abagxeki abaqine kakhulu bavame ukumbeka ohlwini lokuqala lwabaculi baseMelika. Kulokhu, kubonakala sengathi kwakukhona zonke izizathu ezisemthethweni: ukuqala kokuqala komntwana ohlakaniphile (ongowokuzalwa eDenver), ukuqeqeshwa okuqinile komculo, okutholwe okokuqala e-Los Angeles Higher School of Music. J. Marshall, bese eJuilliard ngaphansi kokuqondisa kothisha abahamba phambili, phakathi kwabo kwakukhona uJoseph noRosina Levin, ekugcineni, ukunqoba emiqhudelwaneni emithathu yamazwe ngamazwe, kuhlanganise neyodwa enzima kakhulu - iBrussels (1956).

Kodwa-ke, i-bravura kakhulu, ithoni yokukhangisa yabezindaba yayithusa, ishiya indawo yokungathembani, ikakhulukazi eYurophu, lapho ngaleso sikhathi babengakajwayelani kahle nabaculi abasha base-USA. Kodwa kancane kancane iqhwa lokungathembani laqala ukuncibilika, futhi izethameli zaqaphela uBrowning njengomculi obaluleke ngempela. Ngaphezu kwalokho, yena ngokwakhe ngokuqhubekayo wandisa ama-horizons akhe okwenza, engaphendukeli kuphela ku-classical, njengoba amaMelika esho, imisebenzi evamile, kodwa futhi nomculo wesimanje, ethola ukhiye wakhe kuwo. Lokhu kwafakazelwa ukuqoshwa kwakhe kwamakhonsathi kaProkofiev nokuthi ngo-1962 omunye wabaqambi abakhulu baseMelika, uSamuel Barber, wamphathisa ukucula okokuqala kwekhonsathi yakhe yopiyano. Futhi lapho i-Cleveland Orchestra iya e-USSR maphakathi nawo-60s, uGeorge Sell ohlonishwayo wamema uJohn Browning osemusha njengomculi oyedwa.

Kulokho kuvakasha, wadlala ikhonsathi kaGershwin noBarber eMoscow futhi wazuza uzwela ezilalelini, nakuba engazange “avuleke” kwaze kwaba sekugcineni. Kodwa ukuvakasha okwalandela komdlali wopiyano - ngo-1967 nango-1971 - kwamlethela impumelelo engenakuphikwa. Ubuciko bakhe babonakala ku-spectrum ebanzi kakhulu ye-repertoire, futhi kakade lokhu kuguquguquka (okukhulunywe ngakho ekuqaleni) kuqiniseka ngamandla akhe amakhulu. Nazi izibuyekezo ezimbili, eyokuqala ebhekisela ku-1967, kanti eyesibili ibhekisela ku-1971.

V. Delson: “UJohn Browning ungumculi onesigqi esimnandi, ingokomoya lenkondlo, ukunambitheka okuhle. Uyakwazi ukudlala ngomphefumulo - ukudlulisa imizwa nemizwelo "kusuka enhliziyweni kuya enhliziyweni". Uyakwazi ukwenza izinto ezintekenteke ngokuseduze, ezithambile ngokuqina okumsulwa, ukuveza imizwa yomuntu ephilayo ngemfudumalo enkulu nobuciko beqiniso. I-Browning idlala ngokugxilisa ingqondo, ngokujulile. Akenzi lutho “emphakathini”, akazibandakanyi “nemisho” engenalutho, ezimele, ayifani neze ne-bravura ewubukhazikhazi. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ukushelela komdlali wopiyano kuzo zonke izinhlobo zobuhle akubonakali ngendlela emangalisayo, futhi umuntu “uyithola” ngemva kwekhonsathi kuphela, njengokungathi ubheka emuva. Lonke ubuciko bokusebenza kwakhe bunezigxivizo zesiqalo somuntu ngamunye, nakuba ubungcweti bukaBrowning bubodwa bungekho kumbuthano wesilinganiso esingavamile, esingenamkhawulo, esihlabayo, kodwa kunalokho okuthakaselayo kancane kodwa ngokuqinisekile. Kodwa-ke, umhlaba ongokomfanekiso ovezwe ithalente likaBrowning eliqinile libheke ohlangothini olulodwa. Umdlali wopiyano akanciphisi, kodwa uthambisa ngokucacile ukugqama kokukhanya nesithunzi, ngezinye izikhathi aze “ahumushe” izici zedrama zibe indiza enomculo enemvelo yemvelo. Uyimizwa yothando, kodwa ecashile engokomzwelo, ehambisana necebo lika-Chekhov, ingaphansi kwakhe kakhulu kunomdlalo wezinkanuko ezigcwele obala. Ngakho-ke, i-plasticity ye-sculptural iyisici sobuciko bakhe kunezakhiwo ezinkulu.

G. Tsypin: “Umdlalo womdlali wepiyano waseMelika uJohn Browning, okokuqala nje, uyisibonelo sekhono lochwepheshe elivuthiwe, elihlala njalo nelizinze ngokungaguquki. Kuyenzeka ukuthi kuxoxwe ngezici ezithile zobuntu bomculi, ukuhlola isilinganiso nezinga lezimpumelelo zakhe zobuciko nezonkondlo kubuciko bokuhumusha ngezindlela ezahlukene. Into eyodwa engenakuphikiswa: ikhono lokwenza lapha alinakungabaza. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ikhono elisho ubuciko obukhululekile, obuphilayo, obuhlakaniphile futhi obucatshangelwe kahle bazo zonke izinhlobo zezindlela zokuzwakalisa upiyano ... Bathi indlebe ingumphefumulo womculi. Akwenzeki ukuthi ungasihloniphi isivakashi saseMelika - ngempela "unendlebe" engaphakathi ezwelayo, ethambile kakhulu, ecwengisiswe ngobukhazikhazi. Amafomu omsindo awakhayo ahlala ezacile, enhle futhi evezwe ngendlela emnandi, echazwe ngendlela eyakhayo. Okuhle ngokulinganayo yiphalethi yomdwebi enemibala futhi ebukekayo; kusukela ku-velvety, i-"stressless" forte ukuya ekudlaleni okuthambile kwe-iridescent kwama-halftones nokuboniswa okukhanyayo kuphiyano nepiyano. Iqinile nenhle ngephethini ye-Browning nenesigqi. Ngamafuphi nje, upiyano ngaphansi kwezandla zakhe lihlale lizwakala lilihle futhi lihloniphekile... Ukuhlanzeka nokunemba kobuchwepheshe bophiyano luka-Browning akukwazi kodwa ukuvusa inhlonipho enkulu kuchwepheshe.”

Lezi zivivinyo ezimbili azigcini nje ngokunikeza umbono wamandla ethalente lomshayi wepiyano, kodwa futhi kusiza ukuqonda ukuthi uthuthuka ngakuphi. Ngemva kokuba uchwepheshe ngomqondo ophezulu, umculi ngezinga elithile walahlekelwa imizwa yakhe yobusha, kodwa akazange alahlekelwe izinkondlo zakhe, ukungena kwencazelo.

Phakathi nezinsuku zohambo lwaseMoscow lomshayi wopiyano, lokhu kwabonakala ngokucacile ekuchazeni kwakhe uChopin, Schubert, Rachmaninov, ukubhala kahle komsindo kaScarlatti. U-Beethoven ku-sonatas umshiya enombono ongacacile: asikho isikali esanele nokuqina okumangalisayo. Ukuqoshwa okusha kwe-Beethoven komdwebi, futhi ikakhulukazi Ukuhluka kwe-Diabelli Waltz, kufakazela iqiniso lokuthi ufuna ukusunduza imingcele yethalente lakhe. Kodwa kungakhathaliseki ukuthi uyaphumelela noma cha, uBrowning uyiciko elikhuluma nomlaleli ngokungathí sina nangogqozi.

Grigoriev L., Platek Ya., 1990